Improve communication Essay

The motivation behind why Carly didn’t come to me before to report the task delays was on the grounds that she knew the reasons of the postponement were not certifiable. She was certainly part of the issue and hence she didn’t have the language of detailing the contention that was influencing the group venture. Likewise, since the remainder of the group knew her shortcoming she knew whether she detailed the case to me I would include the remainder of the individuals therefore uncovering her shortcomings. Carly hasn’t had a discussion with Morris about their disparities notwithstanding being the director since she knew about the main driver of the issue (herself). Then again, Morris didn't break the ice and examine the issue with Carly in light of the fact that he expected that it was Carly’s obligation as the chief to approach and fathom all distinctions. Moreover, it was obvious to him too of Carly’s cooperation in the issue. He had likewise been dealt with unreasonably via Carly and this made it hard for him to approach Carly. Combined with the way that Morris was more taught than Carly, pride couldn't be precluded. In the event that Morris had a discussion with Carly, he would have referenced about his unreasonable treatment to her. I will in general think since the other colleagues realized that Carly was rewarding him unjustifiably, this would have been his helper to make reference to of this issue. He realized he had support from the whole group. With respect to Carly, I wager she would have taken ownership of this issue and guarantee Morris of a reasonable treatment in their future connections. After such a discussion she would have understood that she was losing a key colleague and the other colleagues had watched it beforehand which would likewise influence the entire group subsequently depicting her as a bumbling director. For Carly to have been given this job of an undertaking director implied she had positive authority characteristics and along these lines would have taken ownership of her disappointments. Inability to acknowledge her mix-up would have left her as a solitary officer in this manner breaking the camaraderie. The most concerning issue with the manner in which these colleagues connected lied on correspondence breakdown and obstructions. This is on the grounds that it’s clear the other colleague had seen the question however nobody had shared about it with me or even asked Carly or Morris. Collaboration was insignificant in this group and this would have influenced this task antagonistically if not dealt with well and rapidly. To break this correspondence boundary and improve correspondence, it would be gainful for the group to energize progressively visit and successful upward, descending and group correspondence. With more correspondence, any emerging issue would be dealt with well ahead of time before influencing the undertaking contrarily. I think Carly should keep filling in as the task supervisor. This on the grounds that having talked about the debate transparently, the gatherings would have comprehended the realities of the issue and consequently permit them to see their regions of understanding, along these lines transforming the contention into new thoughts of upgrading cooperation in the task.

Willingness to Judge A deconstructive approach to Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter

Presentation The Scarlet Letter, composed by Nathaniel Hawthorne, has a lot of exercises for the two psychotherapists and psychoanalysts. It very well may be contended that no other novel harps such a great amount on the inside and out assessment of the contentions, elements and resistances properties of disgrace (Adamson 53).Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on Willingness to Judge: A deconstructive way to deal with Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although various pundits on The Scarlet Letter have ascribed Reverend Dimmesdale’s torment to blame while Hester Prynne’s to disgrace, others propose that the two characters are troubled with disgrace. Be that as it may, Dimmesdale’s torment is more extreme than Hester’s in light of the fact that it is more profound and deadly (Kilborne 32). This paper will in this way endeavor to break down The Scarlet Letter through the glasses of deconstruction. This paper will concentrate on how Hawthorn utilizes a deconstruction technique to investigate the Puritan perusing. Uncommon consideration will be set on the turnaround of the Puritans’ request of perusing and composing with its related interpretation of perusing as the non-root genuineness of composing. This paper will likewise discuss Dimmesdale and Hester and their clashing perspectives about the Puritan perusing. Accentuation will likewise be laid on the criticalness of the red letter engraved on the chest of Dimmesdale. Salvation and perdition contention According to Stewart, Hawthorne is viewed as a â€Å"Puritan of Puritans (16). However, how might one append a deconstructive of Puritanism to Hawthorne? Dimmesdale yells, â€Å"Stand any here that question God’s judgment on a delinquent? See! View a repulsive observer of it!† (Scheer 2). What results after this is hazy. â€Å"It was revealed!† Asserts the storyteller , â€Å"but it were unimportant to portray that revelation† (Scheer 2). It very well may be contended that the disclosure is about the red letter engraved on the exposed chest of Dimmesdale. It very well may be expected that the nearness of this engraving of wrongdoing on Dimmesdale’s backside isn't correctly veiled in riddle. Then again, it is additionally not obviously declared. What the peruser that determines from this setting is the breaking of the spell that sets free Pearl’s tears and kisses and the finishing up exchange of words between the previous deceptive partners.Advertising Looking for basic composition on american writing? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hester communicates the positive thinking that they go through their â€Å"immortal life together,† in any case, Dimmesdale chastens her when he says, â€Å"the law we broke!† (The wrongdoing here so frightfully divulged) le t these independent be in thy thoughts!† Later on, Dimmesdale demonstrates appreciation to God for his â€Å"afflictions,† without which he accepts he â€Å"would have been lost forever† (Scheer 2). Dimmesdale presents his spirit by praising the God’s name and requesting â€Å"His will to be done† (Scheer 2). A significant piece of the salvation and punishment contention in the basic ordinance is started by these last snapshots of Dimmesdale’s mortal life. The quarrel on the two sides-and the basis of each side is in actuality undeniable focus on either side of an even request: if Dimmesdale accept that he is cursed, he is spared; on the off chance that he expect that he is spared, he is condemned. The contention set forward by Edward Davidson (among the impressive in the doomed hypothesis) advances to the Romantic and Puritan speculations of the Fall: Dimmesdale’s solipsistic parcel of the soul from the body (90). This contention sets that Dimmesdale mistakenly directs sin toward the body as opposed to the soul and hence expect that he is spared (Davidson 90). A portion of the confirmations that Dimmesdale advances to support his supposition that is Mistress Hibbins’s affirmation of Dimmesdale’s as being a piece of the Black Man. Davidson affirms that Mistress Hibbins, preceding the open admission made by Dimmesdale, knows about the minister’s circumstance with unmatched clearness (86). In like manner, there is a begging to be proven wrong hole in the rationale of this release of the condemned hypothesis. The essence of the issue is when Dimmesdale consents to Hester’s plan to flee. Dimmesdale realizes that he is condemned on the grounds that even his resulting open revelation of blame isn't sufficient to make something happen. As for the rationale of salvation, Dimmesdale’s open affirmation is totally superfluous (Scheer 3). Deconstruction of the Puritans In what ways does Haw thorn presents his deconstruction of the Puritan people group? The specific structure this deconstruction happens is the turnaround of the request for perusing/composing with its related interpretation of perusing as the non-beginning real of composing. The nature of Puritan the truth depends on a perusing of chosen Scriptures and writings (that are nonsensically true text).Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on Willingness to Judge: A deconstructive way to deal with Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is of need to recognize that the Puritan people group states the writings themselves decently than their perusing of the relevant transcripts as the premise whereupon the nature of their authenticity rests. The way wherein Puritans’ perusing are passed on by Hawthorne in The Scarlet Letter establishments religious government that mirrors Nietzsche’s adage which hypothesizes that r ealities don't exist in reality, just understandings do (Nietzsche 267). This suggests the game plans made by Hawthorne concerning the creation and supporting of the Puritan’s depend on the saying that social certainties are manifestations grounded upon a roundabout perusing. The fact of the matter is established by a perusing of the base of the truth being referred to where for each situation the following reality is an occulted type of the perusing. What beseeches the question is the perusing (understanding) which assents the perusing. Be that as it may, the major (the gainful) clarification is really a sort of composing while at the same time perusing. Heidegger attests that a translation is not the slightest bit a supposition less comprehension of an idea passed on to us (191). This suggests on the off chance that we offer to what remains there, at that point we find that what remains there in the underlying case is nothing separated from the obvious un-talked about conje cture†¦ of the person who plays out the understanding (Heidegger 192). It will be wrong to assign this translation as a sort of perusing. This suggests what is perused comprises what is written in the way of perusing. It is this past composing that is occulted-perusing in the typical way, which is, the second expression of the request for composing/perusing. Besides, it depends on this occulting Hawthorne’s deconstruction with respect to the premise of the Puritans uncovers. As such, the fact of the matter is accountable and express truth can't be random (Kilborne 471). This is actually what the Puritans’ heartless and firm perusing of the Scriptures and related writings (which are generally translations) neglect to acknowledge. Incomprehensibly, the Scripture both checks and disposes of all human force that contrasts itself and the godly.Advertising Searching for basic composition on american writing? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The Bible (the Writing) is a Reading that generally re-composes the readings. This part of the Scripture (readings/compositions) makes one wonder: Were there absconds in the first certainties? As such, one could contend that what is reflected in Hawthorne’s contention about the Puritans reflects that disguised imperfection of reality where all answers are basically divided inquiries (Scheer 12). Instances of Hawthorne’s Claims There are various models in the writings to prove Hawthorne’s claims. A couple of models ought to be sufficient. For example, Hawthorne describes about the most punctual functional for jail and burial ground imagined by the Puritan constructors for their â€Å"Utopia of human prudence and happiness† (47). This stems from the Puritan community’s perusing of the results of the Fall (to interest sound judgment here would just summon the inquiry given that jails and burial grounds didn't exist in the pre-lapsarian happiness of hea ven). The general public of â€Å"religion and law† (Hawthorne 50) raised by the Puritan people group in the wild and the fringe of the New World is along these lines overpowered from the beginning by a post-edenic despotism which neglects to recognize (amusingly in a similar way of perceiving) that the principal sin has inconclusively kept mankind from accomplishing human satisfaction and temperances on earth. Along these lines, detainment facilities and graveyards comprise a fragment of the content set apart on the wild. As indicated by a perusing of the Scriptures (which is additionally a perusing), the two detainment facilities and burial grounds are engraved on earth to fill in as discipline to people from the earliest starting point (Scheer 13). It is critical to take note of that supported perusing additionally isâ€Å"writing† in itself. Be that as it may, what is perused doesn't naturally infer what was written in the main case. In actuality, it is by temperan ce of this unexplained irregularity among composing and perusing that Hawthorne abuses in his deconstruction of the Puritan people group. Once more, this perusing/composing signs have large amounts of Hawthorne’s book. Thusly, the â€Å"grim inflexibility verdict† (discipline) forced by the Puritans upon Hester Prynne transforms into a â€Å"living message against sin† (Hawthorne 63). The present of the red letter on the chest of Hester is in this way not just a sort of â€Å"writing† in the accu

Looking For Recent Essay Topics in IELTS?

Looking For Recent Essay Topics in IELTS?If you want to get a good night's sleep then there is no doubt that the best essay topics in IELTS will be ones that will keep you awake at the end of the test. But how can you find the best essay topics in IELTS?There are many very popular topics to be found in IELTS, but if you only look at these you will find it difficult to find the most important ones. This is because there are so many versions of the IELTS test that you need to consider. You also need to consider which level of English you are speaking.For example, in terms of popular essay topics in IELTS for beginners you will find a wide range of them. These range from extremely easy material to those that are very difficult and these will all depend on your level of English.There are some topics that are difficult for everyone, especially those that are written in English. There are many topics that are written in different styles of English and this includes Japanese.But if you want to try and get good essay topics in IELTS you will need to consider taking the test online. This is because the test material is available online and this is where you will find the top topics.This is because the test material is written in a particular topic and this will give you an idea of the type of material that you need to include. In order to gain the most from writing about the subject matter, you will need to carefully consider the type of topic you are writing about.Also, there are a number of topics to choose from when it comes to recent essay topics in IELTS. Theserange from your social life to your academic skills, and they will all depend on your particular situation.As you can see, finding the best recent essay topics in IELTS can be a problem because there are so many different options that you have to consider. But this should not be a problem as long as you know how to take the test online.

Database Analysis and Database Design Project - 4121 Words

TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 ASSIGNMENT 3 INTRODUCTION 6 REQUIREMENTS OF THE NEW SYSTEM 6 ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER BASED SYSTEM 7 MOVING IMAGES DATABASE DESIGN 8 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAMS Ââ€" CONCEPTUAL MODEL 8 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM Ââ€" LOGICAL MODEL 9 DATABASE SCHEME 10 MOVING IMAGES DATA DICTIONARY 13 IMPLEMENTATION 16 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE TABLES 22 PROTOTYPES OF USER INTERFACE 23 VERIFYING AND EVALUATING MY DESIGN 25 MOVING IMAGES 25 TESTING BUTTONS 26 TESTING THE QUERIES 29 TESTING REPORTS 34 REPORT BASED ON QUERIES 37 EVALUATION 42 ASSIGNMENT Moving Images operates a DVD library. The library has a large number of titles, each title having at least†¦show more content†¦The database must be rigorously tested with specifically designed test data that demonstrates the effective use of validation and the resulting error messages. You should have at least 20 records in all tables to ensure that the validation checks are effective. The following activities must be performed: • Design the tables and identify Primary and Foreign Keys • Define the relationships between the tables • Create suitable data entry forms • Enter Test Data • Create at least five relevant queries to interrogate the database • Create and print reports that present a consistent and professional image which are accurate and complete INTRODUCTION I have been given the task to design a database for a company call Moving images. Moving images is a company that rents out DVDs for their register member, each member can take a DVD and that information will be store in to the system until the DVD has been return. REQUIREMENTS OF THE NEW SYSTEM Moving images is a DVD shop (to rent DVDs), as we been informed the company is growing and so are the numbers of DVDs and the number of customers which means the staff need access to this information faster than before. The management of Moving Images is requesting prototypes from different designers. Database will allow the user to enter new and view existing information inShow MoreRelatedData Base On Banking Files1147 Words   |  5 PagesTitle: CMP 553-Analysis, ModelingDesign. Date: Feburary-07-2015. â€Æ' Scope and Vision: The project is to create a data base for the bank this gives an idea about the daily, weekly, and monthly details. For this we have to design a data base to the extent of required by the user. Project is clear to understand and also helps the employer to access easily. Errors are negligible. In each phase of developing this project we achieve what the user really need and we satisfy the user. In our project user canRead MoreProject : Online Workflow System Essay761 Words   |  4 PagesProject Charter Project initiation Project name: Online Workflow System Approval Date: 9th October 21, 2015 Project sponsor: Chief executive officer Project Manager: Managing Director of the information technology department Primary customers/partners Users Our organization Staff/employees Our organization Project Core members Role Delivery Ownership Project manager Responsible for planning, communications, budget planning, schedule progress and change management. Database administrator DatabaseRead MoreProposal for Online Book Selling System1481 Words   |  6 PagesThis project proposes to develop web application in Nguyen Van Cu Bookstore. With the Internet is becoming the worlds largest communication, it has provided an environment where everyone can be online at any given time. Under this environment, Online Book Selling can be useful to sell books on the Internet. Customers can purchase or get all books information without going through a bookstore. This proposal includes planed research, its benefits, qualifications to conduct the research, and costRead MoreThe Advantages Of Database Management Systems1577 Words   |  7 Pagesb) Critically evaluate the advantages of database management systems Advantages of DBMS Data independence: - the separation of data structure of database from the application program that uses the data is called data independence in database management system; you can easily change the structure of database without modifying the application program. For example you can modify the size and data type of a data items ( fields of a database table).data independence is usually consider from two pointsRead MoreDatabase Design Concept1054 Words   |  5 PagesApply the database development cycle to a given data set Database development creates enterprise data modeling, which forms the range and wide-ranging contents of organizational databases. There are 5 phases in Database Development Cycle: Planning; Analysis; Design; Implementation and Maintenance. Planning In Planning Stage, the organization needs to know why do they need the database; what do they want the database to do; and how are they going to make the database. This is also where theRead Moreâ€Å"Why Is the Waterfall Model Valuable in the Management of Information Technology Projects?†1450 Words   |  6 Pagesplanning, mistake free calculations, and a foolproof strategy a project leader and his/her team can really set the tone for the entire project. The project leader makes all the final decisions and his /her team research, gather, review and compile the information. The information is organized by using a feasibility analyses in four different areas. These four areas are the schedule, which includes project timelines and deadlines, a project calendar, and other specifics. The other three areas are technicalRead MoreLessons Learned As A Transfer Student Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pagescourses that did I take at Campbell University were (ITS-345) Database Management , (ITS-410) System Analysis Design Dev, and (ITS-410) Networking Telecommunication. In taking these courses, I felt these courses taught me relevant concepts and examples that I used and applied in my project. These courses also helped me learn about concepts such as time management in project and how management is an important aspect in any project development. These courses were also helpful in that the conceptsRead MoreData Modeling Concepts1133 Words   |  5 Pagesand the importance of data model. Building a good data model helps organizations in software development, data base design and product maintenance. The document explains the theory, even if it looks like the organizations are spending substantial amount of resources on developing data models, but still it helps organization, keeping the costs low and build a better product. Database constitutes of data structures and is represented by conceptual data structures. Data models are abstract models whichRead MoreTop Highest Pay Jobs For Information Technology Grads Essay1074 Words   |  5 Pagesactivities and project completion. Computer programmers conduct comprehensive tests during every stage of the product cycle. They work with other teams and attend client meetings to obtain necessary information and share relevant findings. Computer programmers may modify existing software to meet new client needs. For example, they may debug code to ensure minimal downtime and maintain maximum performance. 2. Computer Systems Analyst A computer systems analyst analyzes data, systems and projects to determineRead MoreCs251 Fundamantals of Database Systems Ip 1 - 51676 Words   |  7 PagesCS251-1301B-03 Fundamentals of Database Systems Phase 1 -5 Individual Project Robert March 24th, 2013 Table of Contents Project Outline 3 Description of the Database Design Life Cycle 4 The Entity Relationship Diagram 7 The Logical Model and Normalization 9 The Microsoft Access Database 11 The Microsoft Access Database Application 14 References: 18 Project Outline    My idea for a project concept is for a granite fabrication and installation company called MasterStoneWorks

Greek Engineering/Architecture - 3226 Words

TABLE OF CONTENTS Table OF contents / List of Illustrations..Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….i PrefaceÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…..ii The Tunnel of EupalinosÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…...1 Intro to Greek Architecture.Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…..............2 Tools and Materials Used...Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…..Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….3 The Greek OrdersÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…..Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…4 Doric Order.Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…...Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…4 Ionic OrderÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…...Â…..Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…5 Corinthian OrderÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…6 The ParthenonÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…..Â…..Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…6 The Theater at Epidaurus.Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…..Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…7 The Temple of Athena NikeÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…..Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…8 Works cited..Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….....iii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1: The†¦show more content†¦The first inhabitants of the Greek peninsula, who are believed to be Neolithic, built very primitive and basic structures. The houses were mainly built with a circular, oval, apsidal, or rectangular shape. The rectangular house was mostly square, but some were oblong, and had the entrance at one of the short ends. They used mud bricks and stones in the mud with reeds or brush to help build the house. Most of the houses had one room, there were very rarely two. The next group of settlers was the Minoan architects. Their towns were mostly residential with little or no temples and public places. Unlike earlier people, their houses were private and had many rooms. However, to separate rooms, they would use only pillars. Thus, the house was very open. The stairways were a very prominent feature for these massive homes. This began a whole new era for the Greeks dealing with architecture. (2, 1) There is considerable decoration on Greek architecture, but the decoration is not allowed to interrupt the dominant lines of the structure as a whole. The parts are subordinate and not allowed to detract from the overall unity. (8, 175) One distinct feature of the Greek architecture is the emphasis placed on planning. Though old cities like Athens were the product of gradual and haphazard growth, those cities and sanctuaries which were laid out during the fifth century and later show a conscious effort toShow MoreRelatedHum100 - Artistic Themes from Ancient Cultures: Greece and Rome1237 Words   |  5 Pageswithout looking at the Greek and Roman empires. Although similar, the Greek and Roman empires are two different cultures. They existed from 500 B.C.E. to 500 C.E. (Fiero, 2006). One constant in both cultures was their pursuit of perfection in their art and architecture. This paper will examine this pursuit of perfection in both cultures and how their impact is felt in the modern age. One of the most stunning facets of ancient Greece was the art that was created. The Greek artisans made the jumpRead MoreRoman Empire : The Greatest Social And Political Center Of Western Civilization1478 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen famous for its great achievements in architecture and engineering.† Roman architecture eventually became its own distinct style. Although Greek culture and architecture influenced the Roman style, the Roman love for socializing, business, and games had a greater impact in shaping the way Romans designed buildings and cities. Even though Roman architecture was heavily influenced by Roman society and values, the style also pulled many ideas from Greek culture. Romans kept many architectural andRead MoreBuilding Concrete Structures Of Building Solid Stone Buildings1128 Words   |  5 Pagesmodern world, the Empire s style of architecture can still be seen throughout Europe and North America in the arches and domes of many governmental and religious buildings. II. Classical Rome is most famous for their innovation in architecture and engineering. Before this Roman period, the most frequently used building style has been the lintel and post style, The Roman Architecture changed all this and innovated this by introducing new methods of architecture; arches and columns. During the RomanRead MoreHow The Ancient Greeks And Romans Still Influence Our Modern World869 Words   |  4 Pagesimportant for students to understand how the ancient Greeks and Romans still influence our modern world. Ancient Greece was the birthplace modern mathematics, science, philosophy, architecture, literature, theater, art, architecture, Democracy, Law, and competitive sports. The term mathematics was invented by Pythagoras. It means that which is learned. In turn, mathematical theories were applied to building the great architecture of Greece. The great Greek temples are visual representations of the mathematicalRead MoreAncient Greek And Ancient Roman Cities876 Words   |  4 Pages There are many similarities between Ancient Greek and Ancient Roman cities, mainly because Roman cities were highly influenced by the Greek. Roman culture reflects the Greek’s culture, their mythologies are closely related and so are the characteristics of the architecture. From one grew the forms of the other and the result created were two beautiful cities with massive amounts of history. This paper will go over the three main areas in which Greeks influenced the Romans the most. The first beingRead MoreRoman Architecture And Its Impact On Modern Architecture1076 Words   |  5 Pagesviewed as a long lasting landmark which paved the way for new and challenging arch itecture to come (How Roman architecture influenced modern architecture [sa]). According to Tony Rook (2013: [sp] ch.2) the typical Roman temple shows the Etruscan tradition combined with the Greek one. Although some of their premature concepts were acquired from the ancient Greeks and Egyptians, Roman architects transformed the body of architecture for all time to come, offering buildings and structures that has never beenRead MoreThe Civilization Of Ancient Rome1366 Words   |  6 Pages The Civilization of Ancient Rome and The Time of the Kings, From Republic to Empire: Romulus and Remus, the Etruscans, the Greeks and early influences HST 101 Spring 2015 Lance Raebel Pima Community College West Campus Tucson, Arizona Table of Contents Introduction I. Romulus And Remus founding story a. Twin brothers i. Considered to be half gods ii. Rasied by a she wolf b. Father the god of war i. Rapes Rhea Silvia their mother c. Find Rome i. Romulus then kills Remus for leadership IIRead MoreThe Influence of Roman Architecture to Modern Society According to Napoleon Bonaparte, â€Å"The story1500 Words   |  6 PagesThe Influence of Roman Architecture to Modern Society According to Napoleon Bonaparte, â€Å"The story of the world is the story of Rome†. Ancient Roman contributions in the modern word can still be seen in today’s civilization. The formation of the Roman constitution is greatly influenced and highly regarded by many countries like the United States of America. Christianity is also originated in Rome and spread through one continent to another. Most importantly, Romans influence in arts such as paintingRead MoreEssay on Parthenon and Lincoln Memorial1499 Words   |  6 Pagespeople know, the architects of many buildings have used a multitude of techniques and methods from ancient architecture to build newer buildings. 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Common Core No Child Left Behind Essay - 1745 Words

Throughout the history of education, several â€Å"fads† have made their way in and out of the schools. From whole language to phonics to No Child Left Behind, educators have modified their practices to fit with new curriculum and government mandates. Many teachers describe the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) as â€Å"just another fad.† However, I believe that this is not the case. After diving into the CCSS, I have become a full supporter. The Rigor/Relevance Framework integrated into the standards means that they cover demanding content and applicable skills. To be prepared for college curriculum and careers they will have for a lifetime, students need to master the content and skills. These students will â€Å"demonstrate independence, build†¦show more content†¦With developments in technology growing exponentially, teachers must show students how to think critically and problem solve, using factual information as a primary resource. By mastering these s kills, students become prepared for their college and careers, which will most likely involve some form of technology that has not yet been invented. This will influence many of the decisions I make as a teacher. Instead of assigning a reading passage and then comprehension questions to answer after, I can encourage students to discuss what they read and make connections to their own lives, research a topic for different perspectives or deeper details, or give students opportunities to present what they know to their peers and me in creative ways. Another way I plan to develop students’ critical thinking skills is by including more information-based texts in my curriculum. An article in the Early Childhood Education Journal discusses how two second grade teachers incorporate this into their classrooms (Calo, 2011). My favorite way that the teachers used informational texts was by choosing readings related to what was going on in the students’ lives. In one classroom, they had weekly visits from service dogs, so the teacher chose texts about dogs. For elementary students, this is a great way to get them engaged, ask deeper questions, and promote critical thinking. Along withShow MoreRelatedNo Child Left Behind and the Common Core State Standards700 Words   |  3 PagesThe main goal of both No Child Left Behind and the Common Core State Standards are to have students perform better primary in Language Arts and Mathematics, though the Common Core State Standards does branch out into other subjects, like Science. With No Child Left Behind, there is a focus on testing on Language Arts and Mathematics and schools that do not improve would face sanctions. With the Common Core State Standards, there is still a focus on testing primary in Language Arts and MathematicsRead MoreWhy Is Common Core Necessary?961 Words   |  4 PagesWhy is Common Core necessary? Common Core is needed to stabilize education. Through the implementation of Common Core, every child will learn the same thing at the same time. Education throughout the country would be equal and no child would truly be left behind. The theory of Common Core is good, but the implementation so far has not been. Creating an unified teaching curriculum is a great idea for any child who would be moving across the country, or even to another state, mid-school year;Read MoreThe Education System Of Education1728 Words   |  7 Pageseducation in our nation all together?† In 2002 our American education system was one that was failing. High school test scores showed that year by year our student’s success was falling further and further behind. Since 2002, under the watch of former president George W. Bush, â€Å"No Child Left Behind† was put into legislation. The act in itself was one to keep a closer eye on how students are doing. The former president was well aware of the issue. 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The Commonwealth Essay Research Paper How did free essay sample

The Commonwealth Essay, Research Paper How did traditional industrial location factors influence The form of industry in the UK? Traditional industrial location factors were, in the words of Karl Marx: Land, Labour, Capital and Raw stuffs, and these greatly influenced industrial location in the UK up until the 70 s: Land, mentioning to the site of an industry, was of import when sing where the mills were located: Traditional heavy industry needed ( by and large ) big sums of level land to suit immense furnaces and big machinery. Once a mill was established, it was really hard for it to travel, as, in heavy industry, industrial inactiveness is really high. Natural stuffs were critical in the location of traditional industry: The coal excavation industry, for illustration, would hold to turn up in a coal-rich country, and the iron/ steel industry in an country where there were huge sedimentations of Fe ore. South Wales was a perfect illustration of an country with both these comfortss, and hence thrived as the premier steel-working part in Europe. We will write a custom essay sample on The Commonwealth Essay Research Paper How did or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Capital was private investing that came from businessm nut and enterprisers, but was non a major influence as to where the mill was located. Labour, mentioning to a work force, was besides indispensable in act uponing an industry s location: Traditional industry was preponderantly heavy industry, which requires a really big work force, so mills were ideally located near to a big labor beginning. Why has this form changed in the last 30 old ages? The form has changed in the last 30 old ages because the type of industry has changed from traditional, heavy industry to modern hi-tec, electronics industry. If Karl Marx were to call the factors of production today, he would likely state: Market, skilled labor, Government intercession and conveyance Land is still of import to a certain degree- the heavy industry that is left in the UK is in the signifier of incorporate mills ( e.g. Port Talbot steel mills ) , which need even more level land than traditional heavy industry to turn up. However, most modern industries are footloose, intending land International Relations and Security Network t a critical factor in their location. Location near markets is an indispensable factor for modern industry to see when placement

Branding Analysis

Introduction Branding is one of the most essential aspects of modern business environment. Consumers link the majority of products with a logo, statement, color or a given shape. Branding enables the consumers to indentify the product through that sign or symbol. It is based on creating a unique feeling among the customers and it helps them identify a given product. Brands create an identity which is one of a kind and this urges customers to develop a loyalty towards that product (Aaker,  2002).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Branding Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Organizations use brand as a means of differentiating their products from other companies and ensuing that they develop a strong long-lasting relationship with their clients. Personal branding, on the other hand, entails the creation of a unique attribute that separates you from other people which covers creating and communicating aspect s. Branding does not only apply to operations but also to individuals, countries, cities and even individuals. Most celebrities and successful professionals around the world have created a brand image for themselves which makes people know who they are and what they offer (De  Chernatony   McDonald,  2001). Tiger Wood’s brand The brand chosen for the current paper is Tiger Woods who is one of the most successful golfers in the world. He brought excitement and charm to the golfing game. As one of the top players, a mention of the golf sport triggers one to think of Tiger Woods. He is the world number one golfer having won many professional tournaments in his golfing career. Tiger Woods has been named the PGA player of the year with a ten times record and has also many PGA titles and trophies such as PGA tour money leader and PGA tour Player of the year. Woods has won 79 PGA tournaments and has 14 major titles. He is ranked second best all time golfers after Jack Nicklaus who won 18 major titles. The successful wins that Tiger Woods enjoyed have made him get sponsorship from companies. Nike is one of the companies that sponsors this famous player. In addition to all the wins, Woods have amassed certain wealth from the titles and the sponsorship he gets from companies. All these successful wins make him a brand to reckon with in the golfing sport. He has also done some charitable work to assist other players. SWOT analysis of Tiger Woods’ brands Most brands can be evaluated using the a Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis. In the business milieu, SWOT analysis assists managers to evaluate the company’s strategic position in relation to their competitors. The tool can also be used to assess the strategic position of personal brands.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In SWOT analysis, strength and weakne sses represent the internal forces that strengthen or weaken the brand while opportunities and threats represent the external forces that affect the brand positively and negatively. The SWOT matrix for Tiger Woods brand is shown in figure 1 given below: Positive factors Negative factors Internal Factors STRENGTHS Tiger Woods is a successful golfer as he wins in most of the golfing competitions. He is a family man. He has won 14 professional golfing titles: Woods has won 14 golfing tournament. This makes him one of the best golf players in the world. His name is widely known in the golfing sport. Tiger Woods is an established golf player. His brand name is already established and many people in the world know and associate him with the golf sport. He is a celebrity. He has brought excitement and fun to the golf sport. He is a talented golf player: ever since he was young, Tiger Woods has played golf with a lot of skill. This means he has a talent for the sport. WEAKNESS ES Tiger Woods was faced by a scandal that affected his brand as most companies such as Gillette and ATT chose not to work with his brand. Nike was also criticized for using sportsmen with tainted image. There is a possibility of another scandal in the future. Age: many sports men retire or become weak due to age. This makes them loose their titles and leave big sport. In such cases, the brand’s name erodes. External factors Opportunities A lot of companies are willing to use Tiger Woods’ brand as an advertisement tool. Most companies are now using brands of popular people to market their products. For example, when Tiger Woods’ wears Nike shoes, he promotes the company’s products. The golf sport is growing and expanding to other places in the world. More and more people watch and enjoy the sport. This increases the popularity of Tiger Woods’ brand. More wins: Tiger Woods’ is expected to win more tournaments. This will strengthen his brand and image. Ability to become the all time best golfer. Tiger Woods is ranked the second best all time golfer with 14 major wins. If he wins five more tournaments, he will be ranked the best all time golf player. Threats There is a threat of competition from other golf players. Should another golf player defeat Tiger Woods, his brand’s name will weaken. Competition from other personality. Tiger Woods’ brand competes with other personalities’ brands in the music and sport industry. Should other personalities gain more popularity, then, the popularity of Tiger Woods’ brand would decrease. For example, Nike Company may stop using Tiger Woods’ brand and opt for a powerful footballer instead. Strengths Generally one of the main strengths of Tiger Woods’ brand is his talent and successive wins in the golfing industry. This has made his name known to most of the people around the world. It could be called an internal strength that is based on talents that Woods have gained for the golfing sport. Unlike other business brands which have many strengths based on quality, technology and cost, Tiger Woods’ brand is based only on his successful golfing career. The fact that he has won many titles makes his name globally popular. Weaknesses One of the main weaknesses of the famous player’s brand is the scandal that he faced. Before the scandal, Tiger Woods was known to be a polite family man. The scandal ruined his name and nearly destroyed his family. It also affected Tiger Woods’ brand with many fans considering him a tainted player. This case resulted in the fact that the player lost many contracts and sponsorship. Tiger Woods’ brand’s managers are currently working on improving his reputation. Another weakness affecting most sportsmen is age. As they become old, they lose their skills. The brand name erodes and is replaced by the current world champions. Opportunities These are the external factors promoting the development of Tiger Woods’ brand. As the golfing sport gains popularity across the globe, the player is gaining more fans and becoming more popular. This strengthens his brand image. In addition, more and more companies are also willing to work with the celebrity. As these companies advertise using pictures of Tiger Woods, they make his brand even more popular. A successful career in the future is also an opportunity for his brand to develop. If he becomes the best all time golf player in the world, Tiger Woods’ brand will be strengthened even more. Threats There are many external negative forces that may affect Tiger Woods’ brand. Incase another golfer defeats Tiger Woods successively, his brand image will be affected and weakened. The brand will also loose popularity if other sportsmen outside the golf sport show more success in the sport branch. This will make fans switch from golf to other sportsmen in football, rugby, basket ball, and athletics.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Branding Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Summary For Tiger Woods’ brand to grow, the brand manager must work on improving the weaknesses that he is facing. To deal with the threats, the brand manager should effectively market Tiger Woods’ brand and the golf sport in general. The strengths and opportunities should also be exploited towards the enhancement of the brand. References Aaker,  D.  A.  (2002).  Building strong brands.  London,  England:  Simon  Ã‚  Schuster. De  Chernatony, L.,  Ã‚  McDonald,  M.  (2001).  Creating powerful brands in consumer,  service and industrial markets (2nd  edition  ed.).  Oxford,  England: Butterworth† Heinemann.  Tiger Woods’ picture 1 (2013). Web. This report on Branding Analysis was written and submitted by user Aurora O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Master English like Xie Na a 6-Week Guide of Self-Studies for English 101 Class

Master English like Xie Na a 6-Week Guide of Self-Studies for English 101 Class Still terrified to attend the first class of English 101? We are here to help you master English and beat that class without efforts! Just like Xie Na did, when in July 2013 she attended  Boston Universitys Center for English Language Orientation Programs (CELOP) for a 6-week program to improve her English skills. We assume a 6-week approach worked for her because already in March 2017 she became #1 trending topic on Weibo, when she announced she would go to Italy as an overseas student to study design. If Xie Na did it, you can do it too. Below is a structured 6-week training program that will help you rock at English 101. Let’s start! Week 1. Train Your Tongue At first, focus on phonetics. Most Chinese students have problems with their English pronunciation. It’s important to sound correct, because if you speak bad and wrong pronunciation, you’ll have great troubles in memorizing the words. This is the feature of the English language its spelling is highly related to its pronunciation. Therefore, to conquer phonetics is the 1st step. There are some good resources for that, for example The Sounds of American English: this program is made on the basis of the English program of the University of Iowa in the United States in order to help the majority of English learners in China. It is very specific and helpful, giving you demonstration with animation and step by step guide on the movement of mouth and tongue. On the right side there’s a video demonstration. All the syllables in American English are included in this program. Spend about 2 hours a day on the phonetics practice. Be sure to record your voice and compare it with the standard pronunciation. Just a mobile phone could do as your partner in improving your pronunciation. This method aims at letting you know how different your pronunciation is to the original standard pronunciation. No matter how much you can hate this stage, but it’s necessary and essential. Xie Na would approve. Week 2. Feel Yourself a Shakespeare At the 2nd week, we’ll review the phonetics and try to improve it more. Meanwhile, it’s better to start the reciting. In order to have good performance in writing, you need to recite as many articles as you can to increase your vocabulary and expression. It’s not hard to choose the reference. Pick up some model English essay on our website and recite it as much as you can. It could take a lot of time, so if you’re not so free, you can just choose to recite a few paragraphs. But be sure to do self-dictation after reciting the essay or paragraphs. This is a must. Because English 101 is a writing test after all. And in order to be proficient in writing long essays, you must dictate and write as many as you can. This week, we’ll still just do the dictation part. After you finish the dictation, check where you write it wrongly and practise your wrong parts more. It’s better to prepare a notebook to write down the phrases, words and sentences you’re not familiar with. Read them regularly in your spare time to improve the memory. Week 3. It’s Reading Time On the 3rd week, we will focus on reading and writing. You can pick up an English novel which is suitable for your level, like Harry Potter for instance. You may also read some English articles every single day, it shouldn’t be too easy or too hard. Here are a few useful resources: The  New York Times  Learning Blog Entrepreneur Online Magazine The New Yorker CNN Student News In order to have enough output amount, you must have enough input amount. That’s why reading English books or articles becomes a must. Also, through this way, you may have more interest in English. As for writing, pick up the topics that are trending for English 101 at your university over the last years. Ask your peers – they should know. After finishing writing each article, you can choose to post it on Lang-8 or Grammarly. Lang-8 is a Japanese language learning website, where language learners post journals in the language they’re learning, and native speakers will correct their mistakes for free. Grammarly is a free app that offers accurate, context-specific suggestions to make your work shine. With them, you can know where you need to improve and how good your writing is. Week 4. Add Grammar Practice On the 4th week, you are still advised to focus on reading and writing. At the same time, check grammar book for necessary knowledge in English writing. Grammar is extra-important in essay writing, and it should never be neglected. Week 5. Write, Review. Repeat. On the 5th week, spend more time on writing than reading. Also, review the mistakes you’ve made in your past writing, and dictate the correct expression to strengthen your memory on them. Still, don’t forget to review grammar. Week 6. Mix It All The last week will be mainly a review a week. Along with proper exercise, you should have a good life habit as well. Don’t stay up late or drink wine. Prepare yourself in good spirit to take the test. With a few writing practices and enough review, you’ll surely improve your English level and do better in English 101. Last but not least, confidence is more important than effort. Always be confident and prepare in advance, this will assure you good performance in English 101. And if something fails, order a custom sample for your English 101 from us and get equally good results.

Reflective Journal Designing Formats and Including Visuals Essay

Reflective Journal Designing Formats and Including Visuals - Essay Example The upgrading of visual formats keeps the viewers engaged in it all the time. Facebook has mastered the use of the three means of appeal and persuasion, namely, ethos, pathos and logos. Ethos which is to make the user feel likeable is done through the use of the like button under each and every post and status. Pathos is to persuade by appealing the emotions of the reader, which are again used by Facebook as people have their own ethnic, religious and emotional pages which they like based on their own interests; this engages them on their emotional level as well. Logos is said to persuade the logical side of people, which is again a trait of Facebook as people make logical statements which are then liked by people and shared (Fife, 2010). Visuals are very important to use in college papers as they are able to communicate the exact frame of mind of the students to the teachers. Using visuals professionally can help in giving out power point presentations and reports in order to explain with accuracy (Keenan and Shiri,

Media Literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Media Literacy - Essay Example And Im never the kind of person to base reality on the contents of a movie because, if that were the deal, the movie industry would be crap. I am genuinely interested in Jack and Rose, the main characters of Titanic. Their romance is not based on eternity and doesn’t consist of well-versed lines or cliches. They seem like real people brought together by difficult circumstances. Its refreshing to watch two people hawking loogies off the boat deck and having a great time together. There is sexual tension, but it doesnt dominate. It feels like one of those relationships that when the passion wears off you still have a deep, abiding friendship and love. And, above all, they dont assume they will love each other forever and dont let each other get in between living life to the fullest. They are just living day by day as are the rest of us. Trying to get by. Something that is so heartbreaking is the way the characters lose this innocence throughout the movie as the plot unravels. They change throughout the story and through their devastating experiences. We see Rose board the Titanic feeling trapped and bogged down by the superficial upper class society, and doesnt ever believe she can break free. But, by the end of the movie, she is free and goes on to live a very colorful life. On the other hand, we have Jack who is free and, well, a drifter. Hes gotten around a lot, but theres a very endearing innocence and good nature to his personality that casts a light-hearted feel on the first half of the show. Sadly, he doesnt live to see the day following the sinking and, while the ship is going down, its interesting to watch his facial expressions because I see pain, fear, and a sort of disillusionment. The special effects in this film are absolutely amazing. In the first half of the movie, our eyes are able to drink in the costumes and striking reconstruction of the actual ship. The second half always sends chills down my spine because it transports you to

The withered arm Essay Example for Free

The withered arm Essay The opening of the story, among the milkmaids, is much more innocent in terms of the tension and terror than the plot turns out to be although tension is shown here because of the mystery. This is similar to many of Hardys other novels. Terror is mainly brought out in the end when everyone passes away except Rhoda who may be the most evil character in the plot. In most of Hardys short stories written he uses unexpected twists to create terror and tension. This may link to the sort of life style in those times. Rhoda wants her mysterious unnamed son to observe the new Mrs. Lodge as Farmer Lodge and Rhoda have had a certain relationship. At this point of the short story the reader is bought to ask what type of relationship they had; we gradually learn that they have had a son together. Gertrude Lodge is much prettier than Rhoda, therefore Rhoda wants to know what type of person she is and how she had been bought up. Rhoda does this by sending her son for the second time to inspect her hands to see if they were rough, if so that would mean she would have done some work before. If Gertrude did not work this would mean that she would have been raised from a rich family who employed people like Rhoda to do the work for them. You never told me what sort of hand she had, Tension is created by the fact that she is so inquisitive about Gertrude but she does not go and speak or see her personally. Tension is again also created because Farmer Lodge totally ignores and takes no notice of his own son even when he could see his son was in pain by carrying a heavy load. This shows the fact that he does not want Gertrude to know about the relationship. It may also be because in the time when the short story was written there was a palpable set of classes. If you were seen having a relationship with one of your social subordinates, especially a sexual relationship, you would be made an outcast from the particular social sector and your reputation would be ruined. At the beginning of the short story Gertrude cares for the boy being charitable towards him, she gives the unnamed boy boots and other useful articles. We presume that this is more than Farmer Lodge has ever done for the boy. The irony brings out tension also because the reader is scared that Gertrude might find out that the boy is her husbands son. The eerie setting of the story and where Rhoda lives primarily creates tension at first. The environment is isolated and desolate. We also see this as a similarity to the emerging character of Rhoda. The home she lives in is made with mud, which is usually associated with dirty and poor things. The surface had been washed into channels and depressions, the word depression had a double entendre; firstly being geographical term but secondly as gloominess. This creates a hidden sense of tension. The roof was also hatched; this looked like a bone protruding through the skin. This simile gives the reader a sense of apprehension as they can actually imagine this happen to their own body. The health is also a predominant feature in literature; this is usually associated with evil. The dream is the basis of the short story; tension is created as we are left with many unanswered questions. Firstly we are questioned about the reality of the dream. We are given many implications that it is, Gertrudes arm stared to hurt at the exact time when Rhodas spectral encounter. If this were true the reader would secondly be questioned whether the dream was a coincidence or if witchcraft had played a part. Tension is created by the fact that none of the questions are actually answered in the short story. Progressively we see the relationship between Rhoda and Gertrude become firmer. We see Rhoda give advice over what Gertrude should do over her increasingly withering arm. The reader now observes an immense form of dramatic irony because Gertrude asks Rhoda to go to the Conjuror with her. Rhoda, although hesitant of going with her because of her inconspicuous acts, agrees to Mrs. Lodge. Could you not go with me, to show the way? This also creates tension within the short story as the reader fears that Rhoda might get caught for the suspected misdemeanors she may have adversely done. At Conjurer Trendles home the first reaction that he had was that an enemy had been in Gertrudes life. Rhoda immediately goes away. This make the reader suspect more wrong doings by her and a sense of tension is created. When Rhoda went, Trendle bought out an egg and cracked it into a glass of water and told Gertrude to see what figure she saw. The response was inaudible to the reader so another sense of tension is created. Also when Gertrude came out of the conjurors house, she did not want to speak to Rhoda and said she cares not to speak, of what she saw. This enhances the tension because the reader gets a strong feeling that Rhoda is involved, and the question of her innocence is reduced in the readers mind. Rhoda leaves the farm straight after the incident; this creates even more tension about Rhodas innocence. We do not find out where she actually goes; we just presume she has left because she is guilty and does not want to be convicted of the crimes committed. In the short story we see a defiance of social principle. Gertrude, a rich upper class woman, is starting to mix with lower class people like Rhoda Brook, Trendle and a Hangman. Rhoda Brook is a very poor woman and is employed to do other peoples work, as she is a maid; this shows that she is lower than Gertrude as her husband has employed her. Conjurer Trendle is associated with potions and magic, which in those days is known as witchcraft. You would be placed in the bottom of society if you were slightly interrelated with it. This would be the same if you were to be associated with the hangman. Rhodas son is a key character in the opening of the short story but he is pushed aside in the middle and bought back in a major way creating an unanticipated twist to the text. He is unnamed in the story, which creates a slightly sinister atmosphere. (This is known as connotation). Terror is also shown when she is at Trendles house for the first time. When Trendle does the egg experimentation the reader is not told whom Gertrude thinks she sees. Therefore the reader presumes automatically that it was Rhoda who did it by witchcraft. The main point of terror is shown to the reader when Gertrude does not wish to talk to Rhoda about what he said. This is the main point where the text implies it was her. Gertrude also questions Rhoda about why it was her idea to visit Trendle; this also implies that Gertrude thinks Rhoda is her enemy. The whole incident brings terror to the story as the reader cannot predict what is going to happen next even after Rhoda has left Holmestoke. Gertrude visits Trendle for a second time; this time the main terror before the end is bought out. To heal her arm Gertrude has to touch the neck of a freshly hung person to turn the circulation of blood. At the beginning of the story Gertrude would never think of doing this but her character had changed, her light had been blown out because she is so desperate to get her husband, Farmer Lodge, back. This terror is not expected of her but she actually hopes someone get hanged soon for her own comfort. This is a fefinite change from the kind, giving Gertrude. Also she states that she wants to hang an innocent person increases the terror. O Lord hang some guilty or innocent person soon! The end of the short story has a twist like many of Hardys work. Terror is bought out just the second Gertrude is about to heal her arm. The scream of Rhoda with Farmer Lodge takes Gertrude into a shock turning the blood to far over, putting her in a coma. There is terror in all three angles. Firstly the fact that Gertrude is doing this horrible deed, secondly the fact that Rhodas son is the boy being hanged and thirdly Farmer Lodge is actually there with Rhoda. Gertrude obviously reacts to this because like everyone else except Rhoda she dies at the end of the ordeal. Tension is also created for Rhoda and Farmer Lodge as they may think that Gertrude may have been involved with the execution of their son. Also the fact that Rhoda refers to Satan when she sees Gertrude enhances the tension surrounding the mystery. The main question at the end of the story is who is the main source of evil during these times. The son cannot have been as he has not been allowed to be involved with the matter although he is used as a messenger at the beginning of the short story. Farmer Lodge does not seem to be interested in the matter of the involvement of Rhoda all he seems to care about is the beauty of his wife and his social status. This leaves us with the two main character, Rhoda and Gertrude. It could be either one of them Rhoda at the end admits to being involved with Satan. But this is not shown in form of action in the text so she could have just meant the dream at the start of the short story and said the involvement with Satan in the spur of the moment. This is the meaning of what Satan showed me. This also implies that Satan showed her that Gertrude is evil. Gertrude can also be seen as evil as she was the one who appeared in the dream in the first place. She could be involved with witchcraft because its She is the person who actually got hit down. Also the fact that she mixes with hangmen and Trendle show the fact she is going to the evil side of society. The reader does not know which one is the real source of evil even though Rhoda is the only one to exist this is left in suspense which creates tension. In conclusion tension and terror are seen in all chapters of the story; each one leaves a question unanswered so tension is easily created. The main section of terror and tension was the fact that everyone dies except Rhoda who carries on her life in the milk shed. The short story is ambiguous because nothing is definite and the reader must use their imagination to predict the future in each part of the story. This is the basis of tension and terror throughout the short story.

The Purpose of the Federal Reserve System Essay -- The Fed and the Eco

Over the past few years we have realized the impact that the Federal Government has on our economy, yet we never knew enough about the subject to understand why. While taking this Economics course it has brought so many things to our attention, especially since we see inflation, gas prices, unemployment and interest rates on the rise. It has given us a better understanding of the effect of the Government on the economy, the stock market, the interest rates, etc. Since the Federal Government has such a control over our Economy, we decided to tackle the subject of the Federal Reserve System and try to get a better understanding of the history, the structure, and the monetary policy of the power that it holds. The Federal Reserve System is the central banking authority of the United States. It acts as a fiscal agent for the United States government and is custodian of the reserve accounts of commercial banks, makes loans to commercial banks, and is authorized to issue Federal Reserve notes that constitute the entire supply of paper currency of the country. Created by the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, it is comprised of 12 Federal Reserve banks, the Federal Open Market Committee, and the Federal Advisory Council, and since 1976, a Consumer Advisory Council which includes several thousand member banks. The board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System determines the reserve requirements of the member banks within statutory limits, reviews and determines the discount rates established pursuant to the Federal Reserve Act to serve the public interest; it is governed by a board of nine directors, six of whom are elected by the member banks and three of whom are appointed by the Board of Govern ors of the Federal Reserve System. The Federal Reserve banks are located in Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco, Cleveland, Richmond, Atlanta, Saint Louis, Minneapolis, Kansas City and Dallas. The Federal Open Market Committee, consisting of the seven members of the Board of Governors and five members elected by the Federal Reserve banks, is responsible for the determination of Federal Reserve Bank policy in the purchase and sale of securities on the open market. The Federal Advisory Council, whose role is purely advisory, consists of 12 members if they meet membership qualifications. The Federal Reserve System exercises its regulatory powers in seve... ...erve. We feel that the latter is on the radical side of thinking, and that overall the Federal Reserve has the best interest of the nation and international economy in all their decisions regarding the increases in interest rates, etc. Since the onset of the Federal Reserve we have not gone into a major depression, and over a course of time there will be times when our economy will peak and boom and the Fed will feel that it is time to slow the economy by raising the rates. Bibliography FED 101 Hosted by The Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. http://www.kc.frb.org/fed101 Friedman, Milton and Jacobson Schwartz, Anna. A Monetary History of the United States, 1867-1960. Princeton, 1963 Hailstones, Thomas and Rothwell, John. Managerial Economics, 1993. Prentice Hall, 1993 Metzler, Allan H. A History of the Federal Reserve, Vol I and II. University Press Books, 2002 National Information Center for the Federal Reserve System. http://www.ffiec.gov/nic Rabboh, Bob and Bartson, Ronald J. Principles of Economics. Pearson, 2002 The Federal Reserve Board. http://www.federalreserve.gov The Federal Reserve System Online. http://www.federalreserveonline.org

The Difference Between Administrative Management

CHARTERED INSTITUTE OF ADMINISTRATORS AND MANAGEMENT CONSULTANTS-GHANA POST EXPERIENCE QUALFYING PROGRAMME SUBJECT: PROFESSIONAL ADMINISTRATION PREPARED BY: KWEKU OKOAMPAH SARPONG STUDENT NUMBER:ST/PEQP/AU/12/002 DATE: 10TH NOVEMBER 2012 Question 1 Discussed the difference between Administrative Management and Professional Administration In any business venture the collective responsibility of the personnel running it, is to make it profitable and work with a common goal of giving it an annual growth.A good and disciplined administration combined with efficient management is the prerequisites for running a profitable business and giving it annual growth. Professional Administration and Administrative Management are like two hands of a business that work in synch to achieve the goals that are set by the organisation. Administration is sometimes used to refer to the activities of the higher level of the management group who determine major aim and policies. This can be called the broad er use of the term which often used in government department (e. g. he civil service). It is also used in the narrow sense of controlling the day to day running of the enterprise. Administration on one hand provides the organisation with the required goals and workforce whereas management provided the means to achieve the goals effectively and efficiently. Brech defines administration as: ‘that part of the management process concerned with the institution (development) and carrying out of procedures by which the programme is laid down and communicated, and the progress of activities is regulated and checked against targets and plans. Robert C. Appleby (1994) describes administrative management as a sub-system within the total environment of an enterprise. The Institute of Administrative Management defined administrative management, within the context of office management, as: „that branch of management which is concerned with the services of obtaining, recording and anal yzing information, of planning, and of communicating, by means of which the management of a business safeguards its assets, promotes its affairs, and achieves its objectives?The administrative management function facilitates planning, coordinating, directing and controlling activities across all functional areas in organizations. As such, it can be seen as the nervous system of organizations, directing and coordinating all parts and ensuring that the whole body functions smoothly and efficiently. Administrative Management can also be said to be the process of creating information system and supervising its flow from, and to others within an organization.Most job functions within a business involve performing some form of administrative management in order to store and pass on information to those within the company who need to use it in order to contribute to the business. Professional administration on the other hand is the study of contemporary organizational principles with an em phasis on their applications in the modern workplace whether in the administrative and leadership skills of private, public organization, and non-profit organizations. This discipline is closely associated with public administration.The International Association of Administrative Professionals (IAAP) defines administrative professionals or professional administrators as individuals who are responsible for administrative tasks and coordination of information in support of an office related environment and who are dedicated to furthering their personal and professional growth in their chosen profession. Professional Administration is also about a framework of corporate governance, communication, and the handling of information, in a rational approach to identifying needs, making and implementing decisions, and monitoring and reviewing performance.Professional Administration is a business management principle, concerned with total stakeholder interest, organizational security, sound an d strategic economic decision process, and ethical discipline There is a continuous debate whether or not management or administration is a profession. The following are the difference between Administrative Management and Professional Administration. †¢ In Administrative Management, there are no formal educational requirement for entry †¢ It does not require specific clients. They serve a broad group of organisation. ‘stockholders’ There is no system of accreditation or licensing †¢ In Administrative Management there is no clear code of management ethics that is universally enforced by peer review. †¢ There are no common bodies of knowledge that are required for someone to be a manager. Where as in Professional Administration: †¢ There exist a body of principles, skills and techniques and specialized knowledge. †¢ There are also formal methods of acquiring training and experience. †¢ There are code of ethics regulating relations of pr ofessional persons with clients and colleagues. Such as the Hippocratic Oath of medical professionals. There exist also mandatory continuous professional development programmes for members. Despite the above differences, we can say that management is coming closer than ever before to satisfy these criteria for professionals. This is seen in the development of skills and techniques, more training facilities and greater use of management consultants. Question 2 Identify communication barriers and describe ways to remove them Effective communication is the essence of leadership and management. It is neither top-down nor bottom-up, but two-way and continuous. Related article: Limitations of Administrative ManagementCombine different media and techniques to give the right message to the right people at the right time. Good communication of any kind always aims to meet the needs of all parties. Definition – Communication is the discriminatory response of an organism to a stimulus. It is a process by which information is exchanged between or amongst individuals through a common system of symbols, signs and behavior (- Himstreet). Communication is the key factor in the success of any organization. When it comes to effective communication, there are certain barriers that every organization faces.People often feel that communication is as easy and simple as it sounds. While this is true on one level, what makes it complex, difficult and frustrating are the barriers that come in its way. There are several barriers that affect the flow of communication in an organization. These barriers interrupt the flow of communication from the sender t o the receiver, thus making communication ineffective. It is essential for managers to overcome these barriers. The main barriers of communication are summarized below. |Perceptual and Language Differences: Perception is generally how each individual interprets the world around him.All generally want to | | |receive messages which are significant to them. But any message which is against their values is not accepted. A same event may be taken | | |differently by different individuals. The linguistic differences also lead to communication breakdown. Same word may mean different to | | |different individuals. | | |Information Overload: Managers are surrounded with a pool of information. It is essential to control this information flow else the | |information is likely to be misinterpreted or forgotten or overlooked.As a result communication is less effective. | |Time Pressures: Often in organization the targets have to be achieved within a specified time period, the failure of which h as adverse | |consequences. In a haste to meet deadlines, the formal channels of communication are shortened, or messages are partially given, i. e. , not | |completely transferred. Thus sufficient time should be given for effective communication. | | | |Distraction/Noise: Communication is also affected a lot by noise to distractions.Physical distractions are also there such as, poor | |lightning, uncomfortable sitting, unhygienic room also affects communication in a meeting. Similarly use of loud speakers interferes with | |communication. | |Emotions: Emotional state at a particular point of time also affects communication. If the receiver feels that communicator is angry he | |interprets that the information being sent is very bad. While he takes it differently if the communicator is happy and jovial (in that case | |the message is interpreted to be good and interesting). |Complexity in Organizational Structure: Greater the hierarchy in an organization (i. e. more the number of ma nagerial levels), more is the | |chances of communication getting destroyed. Only the people at the top level can see the overall picture while the people at low level just | |have knowledge about their own area and a little knowledge about other areas. | |Poor retention: Human memory cannot function beyond a limit. One can’t always retain what is being told specially if he is not interested or| |not attentive. This leads to communication breakdown. | |There is a lot of communication barriers faced these days by all.The message intended by the sender is not understood by the receiver in | |the same terms and sense and thus communication breakdown occurs. It is essential to deal and cope up with these communication barriers so | |as to ensure smooth and effective communication. | | | |How to Remove/overcome these barriers of communication: | |Eliminating differences in perception: The organization should ensure that it is recruiting right individuals on the job.It’s the | |responsibility of the interviewer to ensure that the interviewee has command over the written and spoken language. There should be proper | |Induction program so that the policies of the company are clear to all the employees. There should be proper trainings conducted for | |required employees (for e. g. : Voice and Accent training). | |Use of Simple Language: Use of simple and clear words should be emphasized. Use of ambiguous words and jargons should be avoided. | |Reduction and elimination of noise levels: Noise is the main communication barrier which must be overcome on priority basis.It is essential| |to identify the source of noise and then eliminate that source. | |Active Listening: Listen attentively and carefully. There is a difference between â€Å"listening† and â€Å"hearing†. Active listening means hearing | |with proper understanding of the message that is heard. By asking questions the speaker can ensure whether his/her message is understood or | |n ot by the receiver in the same terms as intended by the speaker. | |Emotional State: During communication one should make effective use of body language.He/she should not show their emotions while | |communication as the receiver might misinterpret the message being delivered. For example, if the conveyer of the message is in a bad mood | |then the receiver might think that the information being delivered is not good. | | | |Simple Organizational Structure: The organizational structure should not be complex. The number of hierarchical levels should be optimum. | |There should be an ideal span of control within the organization.Simpler the organizational structure, more effective will be the | |communication. | |Avoid Information Overload: The managers should know how to prioritize their work. They should not overload themselves with the work. They | |should spend quality time with their subordinates and should listen to their problems and feedbacks actively. | |Give Constructive Fee dback: Avoid giving negative feedback. The contents of the feedback might be negative, but it should be delivered | |constructively. Constructive feedback will lead to effective communication between the superior and subordinate. |Proper Media Selection: The managers should properly select the medium of communication. Simple messages should be conveyed orally, like: | |face to face interaction or meetings. Use of written means of communication should be encouraged for delivering complex messages. For | |significant messages reminders can be given by using written means of communication such as: Memos, Notices etc. | |Flexibility in meeting the targets: For effective communication in an organization the managers should ensure that the individuals are | |meeting their targets timely without skipping the formal channels of communication.There should not be much pressure on employees to meet | |their targets. | | | | | |Question 3 | |What are the advantages and disadvantages of having o ne person hold the offices of Chairman of the Board and CEO? |Corporate management usually consists of a board of directors and corporate officers. The board appoints the senior corporate officers, such| |as the chairman, and chief executive officer. Some companies combine the Chairman and CEO roles, while others appoint different individuals | |for each position. | |Advantages: | |Having clear and unambiguous authority concentrated in one person is essential to effective management.Unity of command creates clear lines| |of authority to which management (and the board) can respond more effectively | |Another advantage is, in an environment where strong, directive, stable, and unconfused leadership is seen as critical to organizational | |success; this kind of legitimacy is an important signal to stakeholders about who is accountable. | |Having one person combining the CEO and Chair positions enhances the board’s management performance. The board ‘management responsibili ties | |require that it make key decisions affecting the company. |A combined CEO-Chair, provides the board with more complete and timely information about the company, provides the company with a unified | |command structure and a consistent leadership direction, and creates a collaborative and collegial environment for board decision making | |Board Chair who also serves as the CEO is likely to spend more time at the company, to have more detailed information about the strengths | |and weaknesses of the company, and to have a deeper understanding of the operational and financial health of the company. |Disadvantages: | |There is a conflict of interest on one person hold both position of a board chairman and a CEO of an organization. | |When the chairman is also the CEO, Management has a de facto control. Yet the board is supposed to be in charge of management. Checks and | |balances have been thrown to the wind. | |Having a one acting as a board Chair and a CEO of the company it d oes not bring fresh knowledge and an insight to the board’s | |decision-making process. | |Another disadvantage is that once the there is a of separating the CEO and Chair positions the board will not be able to performs its | |monitoring role better when there is a nonexecutive Chair.The monitoring role requires directors to exert oversight over corporate managers| |in order to detect and discipline managerial inefficiencies and misconduct. Thus, duality may cause failure by the board to effectively | |monitor and control. | | | | | | | 3. b) What are the pros and cons of selecting an insider versus an outsider?Pros for an insider: †¢ A positive wave in the next line of managers that hard-work will pay off and they can get a promotion if they can prove themselves. †¢ Being well known to the decision makers †¢ He /she would know the existing processes and flows in them and would be easily able to identify the weak-links easily and can cure with their expertise. Existing domain business and organization culture knowledge would help internal CEO. †¢ Will increase the confidence in level of every employee and make them believe that everyone will have equal opportunity of getting promoted to next if they can perform. Would be able to team up easily with existing team and would be able to guide them in showing them new path or direction. Cons for an insider: †¢ The inevitable presence of adversaries within the organization who may work subtly to tarnish the performance of the new CEO †¢ Sometimes if he/she is not able to bring up the new ideas it could washout the bringing in new person. †¢ Acceptance of new CEO from within would be a question when he/she has been picked up from the second line of management. †¢ Having their weakness well known to the selection groupPros for an outsider: †¢ Would be able to bring new ideas based on their experiences from different work culture where they have been working †¢ Will be able to see things as an outsider easily and so will be able to provide corrective actions whenever required. †¢ Could bring a positive energy into existing workforce when they were not able to see any light of hope with existing process or management. Would bring in best practices from the other organisations he/she might have worked with and very much helpful if he is having past experience in similar domain. Act as a catalyst for change, for example loosen established patterns. †¢ Entering into an atmosphere of optimism and hope to capitalize strongly on the opportunity at hand. Cons for an outsider: †¢ Recommending precisely what insiders had been unsuccessfully suggesting for ages or missed recommending what insiders had been unsuccessfully suggesting for ages. †¢ Absence of strong relationships with both major vendors and customers and perhaps a narrow window within which to build them †¢ Explaining things in ways that annoyed insiders or made them feel misunderstood, under-represented or wronged. Initials board skepticism of the candidate’s ability to lead the enterprise as a result of the new CEO’s lack of understanding and the appreciation of the enterprise. Question 4 What elements would characterize an effective working relationship between a Board and a CEO? The board of directors chooses the CEO and delegates to him or her, the responsibility for running the company. Thus begins a hopefully productive, albeit complex, relationship. The board’s role in this relationship is first to understand and approve of the CEO? s strategies and plans and then to monitor the execution of those plans and to periodically evaluate the results.Finally, the board must decide whether, when, and how it should intervene. How the board executes its role is critical to the success of the relationship and, ultimately, of the business. The essential relationships will provide both the board and CEO with a clear understa nding of the effective CEO-Board relationship and to enable boards and CEO to both assess and improve their current performance in delivering against each of their relationship attributes. The following are some of the identified element that will characterize an effective relationship between a Board and a CEO: †¢ Commits to act in the best interest of the organisation.All parties recognize and embrace their obligation to work in the best interest of the organisation †¢ Builds close but independence relationships: Board members should not let personal friendships with the CEO interfere with carrying out their responsibilities. Independence of board members from a CEO does not require an adversarial relationship; to the contrary, the parties must establish and develop effective ways of communicating and working together in a collaborative partnership built on mutual respect.All parties work to build robust professional relationships but ensure that these relationships demo nstrate the independent required for the CEO to do his/her job and for the board to maintain objectivity in reviewing the CEO’s recommendations and performance. †¢ Establishes distinct roles and responsibilities: both the Board and the CEO maintains clearly defined and communicated roles and responsibilities. All parties are completely knowledgeable about their own responsibilities and the responsibilities of their counterpart. †¢ Effectively advises the CEO: the board serves as a critical mentor and advisor to the CEO.Beyond ability to advice on the content of strategic decisions, the chairman provides thoughtful, actionable guidance on how to effectively translate strategy into action. The board maintains an open-door policy for the CEO to seek guidance. †¢ Establishes precise expectation: all parties set distinct expectations for themselves and for each other. All parties establish clear objectives. All parties keep their promises. †¢ Demonstrates humil ity, self-awareness and a â€Å"low-ego approach†: all parties bring a genuine level of intellectual and professional humility to each interaction.They are all self aware of their strength, weakness and limitations. They are comfortable with having their ideas rigorously challenge. †¢ Board members should not let personal friendships with the CEO interfere with carrying out their responsibilities. †¢ Demonstrate honesty, trust, respect and transparency: all parties work to establish relationships characterized by the highest standards of honesty, trustworthiness, respect and transparency. All parties work to create an environment characterizes by mutual respect and are fully transparent regarding their opinions, plans and underlying motivations.To execute its responsibilities well, the board must have a workable governance model. Such a model should address issues central to establishing and maintaining an effective process for making and administering corporate pol icy. A governance model should include routine approaches to the following: †¢ Choosing or clarifying the business or businesses in which the corporation will operate †¢ Hiring the right people in terms of both their abilities and their values †¢ Aligning the interests of the board and management with those of the shareholders Developing mutually agreeable goals, policies, and standards of performance for the CEO †¢ Evaluating plans to achieve agreed-upon goals †¢ Remaining knowledgeable about the firm’s activities and performance and evaluating the results †¢ Reacting appropriately to the results by holding management accountable and rewarding or intervening as necessary Boards of directors creating and following this or a similar governance model should be well on their way to establishing productive partnerships with their CEOs. Board members are advised to recall the paramount importance of hiring an effective CEO for the firm.The right perso n for the situation will strive to solve Problems that might exist and seek to improve upon established methods. The wrong person, however, is likely to create new problems for the firm and the board. Question 5 a) Examine the importance of eradicating white collar crime and its impact on the integrity of the CEO. Criminologist and sociologist Edwin Sutherland first popularized the term â€Å"white collar crime† in 1939, defining such a crime as one â€Å"committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation. Sutherland also included crimes committed by corporations and other legal entities within his definition. Sutherland’s study of white collar crime was prompted by the view that criminology had incorrectly focused on social and economic determinants of crime, such as family background and level of wealth. According to Sutherland’s view, crime is committed at all levels of society and by persons of widely divergent so cio-economic backgrounds. In particular, according to Sutherland, crime is often committed by persons operating through large and powerful organizations.White collar crime, Sutherland concluded, has a greatly-underestimated impact upon our society. Sutherland’s definition is now somewhat outdated for students of the criminal law. As white collar crime began to capture the attention of prosecutors and the public in the mid-1970s, the term came to have definitions quite different from the one Sutherland used. Indeed, studies have shown that crimes we generally consider â€Å"white collar,† such as securities fraud and tax fraud, are committed not just by persons of â€Å"high social status† but by people of divergent backgrounds.Thus, although the term â€Å"white collar crime† is a misnomer, it continues in widespread use. This is probably so because â€Å"white collar crime† provides a convenient moniker for distinguishing such crime in the public mind from â€Å"common† or† street† crime. Definitional, therefore, white collar crime is an activity „committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of their occupation?. Furthermore, crimes undertaken by corporations and other legal entities are also encompassed in this definition. Types of White-Collar CrimeThere are several types of white collar crimes, which include, but not limited to: Corporate fraud: This can involve activities such as: falsification of financial information including: false accounting entries, bogus trades designed to inflate profit or hide losses; and false transactions designed to evade regulatory oversight. Self-dealing by corporate insiders, including: Insider trading, kickbacks, backdating of executive stocks option, misuse of corporate property for personal gain, and individual tax violations related to self-dealingFinancial fraud Healthcare fraud: Altered or fabricated medical bills and other doc uments, excessive or unnecessary treatment or surgeries, Internet pharmacy fraud, auto accident insurance fraud, Medicare prescription drugs, prescription of dangerous drugs, medical equipment, and hospital fraud. This is usually carried out by different aspects of a health care system and could include billing for services not rendered; payment claims different from the rendered services, double billingMortgage fraud; Mortgage fraud indicators includes: – inflated appraisals, increased commissions/bonuses, falsification of loan applications, fake supporting loan documentation,. Such mortgage fraud schemes include: property flipping, corporate identity theft, use or threat of bankruptcy to dupe home owners, inflated appraisals Insurance fraud; premium diversions, workers compensation fraud Asset forfeiture or money laundering; and Occupational Crime Occupational crime occurs when crimes are committed to promote personal interests.Crimes that fall into this category include: A ltering books by accountants and overcharging; or cheating clients by lawyers. Organizational or Corporate Crime/fraud A much more costly type of white collar crime occurs when corporate executives commit criminal acts to benefit their company. There are a variety of corporate crimes that include: the creation of inferior products: drugs. Eradicating white collar crime and its impact on the integrity of the CEO To eradicate white collar crime and its impact on the integrity of the CEO, the following measures needs to be put in place: †¢ Law and punishmentAccording to Ball and Friedman (1977:320), â€Å"statues aimed at economic regulation (white-collar crime) often provide multiple, alternative sanctions. The sanctions may include cease and desist orders, injunctive divestiture proceedings, and awards of damages, monetary fines or forfeitures, seizures of goods, revocations of business or occupational licenses and prison sentences. † They concluded that direct imprisonme nt is generally considered criminal sanctions whereas fine or money penalty, awards or damages and other forms of non-criminal sanctions are classified as â€Å"civil† or regulatory sanctions. †¢ Increased surveillanceInstitutions may decide to increase surveillance that aid in crime prevention, such activities may include auditing of accounts by external auditors in cases that involve embezzlement of funds in institutions, retraining staff so that there will be reduced frauds in an institution. †¢ Social control theory The social control theory was developed by Travis Hirsch, this theory states that the socialization process helps individuals to develop social control and also help individuals to restrain from antisocial behavior; however he stated that there are three forms in which crime could be eradicate or controlled.From the above explanation of the social control theory the occurrence of white collar crime can be prevented by direct control which involves in creased threats of punishment, conscience will also help individuals to refrain from criminal acts, the close relatives will also restrain people from committing crimes and finally the need satisfaction which will lender the individuals not to involve themselves in crime.For the white collar crimes there is need to compensate those who hold high offices with a sustainable amount of salary or wage, this will build control as depicted by the need satisfaction form of control, these officials will have no need to engage in criminal activity, direct control should also be reinforced through the judicial system and the police force, this will increase threats that will eventually reduce the occurrence and frequency of white collar crimes. †¢ Judicial systemThe judicial system has a major role to play in the prevention and control of the white collar crimes, corruption in the judicial system has also resulted to the increased occurrence of these crimes, wealthy people who commit this crimes have the funds to hire and corrupt the judicial system to win their way out of prison, therefore it is important to eradicate corruption in the judicial system in order to control such crimes. Corruption can be reduced by increased salaries to judges and also the development of organizations which specializes in dealing with corruption cases in the judicial system. Corporate initiatives Companies, banks, and financial institutions should play a vital role in fighting or eradicating white collar crime. For instance the Bank of Ghana has directed commercial banks to enhance the security characteristics of cheques to prevent fake cheques scams. The characteristics include the paper which is sensitive to chemical substances, the watermark, ultra-violet ink . on-the-job training is essential to ensure that the staffs are competent to detect fraud. †¢ Ethics A lot of white-collar crimes are committed by persons at managerial and executive levels.Hence, the root of the matter would be that ethics should be observed by those in these positions of trust as they are more prone to committing such crimes because of the opportunities available to them by virtue of their positions. In a capitalist society, management and corporate subjects do not give emphasis to the questions of ethics. Career development of employees is based more on their job performance rather than high ethical standards. The capitalist framework which demands profit maximization and the corporate structure that emphasizes on production deadlines and quota have often created an arena for unethical business practices.To arrest this problem, corporate leaders and top level management should be exemplary examples of ethics and integrity. An explicit code of conduct and business ethics should be adopted that managers and executives are required to read, sign and follow. Apart from this, companies must develop a corporate climate that places ethical values above others. 5. b) Discussed the chall enges in the fight against white collar crime. White collar crimes invoke non-threatening images of guys in suits. And naturally we treat such individuals with respect and courtesy rather than fear and severity.It appears at times that our justice system does not place adequate emphasis on fraud and other white collar crimes especially when it is considered a non-violent victimless crime. One disturbing fact is how the offense is perceived, not as a criminal offense at all, but as simple bad judgment on the part of victims, by both the general public and by the victims themselves. This perception can lead to a tendency to blame the victims for their own losses. It affects how society sees the victims, and how the victims see themselves.This in turn can influence the way the offense is treated by law-enforcement and regulatory agencies, and when offenders are convicted, by the courts which sentence them. Compared to the murderers, rapists and urban gangsters that get the headlines, w hite-collar criminals just don’t scare the public very much. They don’t leave a chalk outline on the sidewalk or blood spatter on the wall. So while violent crimes demand a high profile response from the police, the cost of white collar crime is significant but hard to measure in human costs. The following are the challenges in the fight against white collar crime: †¢ Underestimation of LossesThe price tags attached to some economic crimes are so staggering that they are difficult to comprehend. As an example, the price of bailing out a single corrupt savings and loan institution surpassed the total of all the bank robberies in American history. Recent FBI statistics place the average take of an armed bank robbery at $3,177 while the Data Processing Management Association reports that the average computer crime loss to banks may be as high as $500,000. †¢ The Best Lawyers A white-collar criminal, now rich off the spoils of others, can afford the best lawyers. †¢ LeniencyMany law-makers and judges are of the mind that, with an already overloaded justice system, jails should be used for violent offenders only, so fraudsters are given what are perceived as lenient sentences, or an absurdly low penalty in comparison to the crime committed, such as alternative sentencing (e. g. warnings, probation etc. ) or by â€Å"buying their way out† of prison by paying a fine or restitution. †¢ Police Resources While few laws are enforced 100%, white collar crime has a much lower margin of non-enforcement. Fraud and other white collar crime is not a priority for police departments.They are required to devote their resources to crimes of violence and, due to lack of trained personnel and financial resources, are not always able to investigate and prosecute suspected fraud and other white collar crime cases. †¢ Favourable Laws Laws are generally written in favour of the white-collar criminal. People who commit white-collar crimes are sometimes the same people who are in a position to see to it that their crimes are not defined too negatively. †¢ Individual Perception Whereas the impact of white-collar criminals on the nation is great, the cost to each individual is small.White-collar crimes do not impact individuals with the same intensity as when one individual is victimized by a petty criminal. REFERENCES 1. Institute of professional Administrators: www. iqps. org/ 2. International Association of Administrative professionals: www. iaap-hq. org 3. What is an Administrative Professional? Who are Administrative Professionals? By Karen Porter: (http://www. theeffectiveadmin. com/articles-for-administrative-assistants/administrative-professionals/) 4. Elthan F Becker and Jon Wortmann(2009) Mastering Communication at Work 5. www. utor2u. net/business/people/communication_barriers. asp – communication Barriers 6. Effect of Communication Barriers in Business Communication www. managementstudyguide. com/ef fect-of-communication. 7. Robert C Pozen. (Nov 2009), Harvard Business Review 8. www. managementstudyguide. com 9. www. slideshare. net 10. Journal of Corporate Finance 3(1997) 189-220 11. White collar crime in Malaysia 12. www. articlesalley. com 13. www. crime-of-persuation. com 14. Professional Administration: Guiding Principles and Discipline for the Timeless Executive, (2011) Samuel Mawusi Asafo CMC, CIPM.SMA International Printrite Inc. Ghana CHARTERED INSTITUTE OF ADMINISTRATORS AND MANAGEMENT CONSULTANTS-GHANA P. O. Box LG 645, Legon, Accra. Tel. 028 954 0066 POST EXPERIENCE QUALIFYING PROGRAMME TAKE HOME EXAMINATION BATCH: JANUARY, MAY & SEPTEMBER 2012 SUBJECT: PROFESSIONAL ADMINISTRATION SUBMISSION DATE: SATURDAY 10TH NOVEMBER 2012 Reference Material: Professional Administration: Guiding Principles and Discipline for the Timeless Executive, (2011) Samuel Mawusi Asafo CMC, CIPM. SMA International Printrite Inc. Ghana ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS, TYPE WRITTEN IN 1. 5 SPACING ALL QU ESTIONS CARRY EQUAL MARKS QUESTIONS 1.Discuss the difference between Administrative Management and Professional Administration. 2. Identify communication barriers and describe ways to remove them 3. a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of having one person hold the offices of Chairman of the Board and CEO? b) What are the pros and cons of selecting an insider versus an outsider? 4. What elements would characterize an effective working relationship between a Board and a CEO? 5. a) Examine the importance of eradicating white collar crime and its impact on the integrity of the CEO. b) Discuss the challenges in the fight against white collar crime.