Essay on Personal Freedom Song of Solomon -- Song Solomon essays

Search for Personal Freedom variant of Solomon Personal freedom is the ability to ignore societal and familial influences to find the true sense of self. Individuals argon truly liberated when they are physically, mentally, and spiritually free. The search for personal freedom is exemplified in Song of Solomon by Toni Morrison. The main protagonist, Milkman achieves personal freedom through growth of knowledge, by confronting his family, and by overcoming the prejudices of society. Knowledge is a primary factor in the attainment of personal freedom. This includes not only scholarly education but also awareness of historical heritage and familial legacy. The fact that African-Americans were held in human bondage cannot be forgotten it has to be remembered and passed on through rememory. Moreover, literacy gives minority cultures a voice to reach out to others with encouragement and hope. Milkman has a high school education which he likewisek for granted. For Milkman to achieve personal freedom, he needs to search for his inheritable roots. Milkmans drive, Macon Dead, Jr., denies Milkman his rememories because Macon assumes that achieving the American Dream means erasing his past. However, as stated above, Morrison believes Milkman has to remember he has to know his past in order to know his self. His father taught him that Athe one important thing youll ever need to know Own things. And let the things you own own other things. Then youll own yourself and other nation too (Morrison 55). Macon falsely leads Milkman to believe that Youll be free. Money is freedom Macon. The only real freedom there is (163). Milkman buys into his fathers fallacy as he too frantically searches for the gold that will s... ... personal freedom is not an easy one, but we must(prenominal) persevere. Milkmans realization of his personal freedom came as his life ended. We must all remember the old Chinese proverb The longest journey begins with a single step. WORKS CITED Carm ean, Karen, Toni Morrisons World of Fiction, Troy The Whitston Publishing Company, 1993. Morrison, Toni. Song of Solomon. New York Plume, Peach, Norman. Modern Novelists Toni Morrison. Ed. Norman Page. New York St. Martins Press, 1995. Storhoff, Gary. Anaconda Love Parental Enmeshment in Toni Morrisons Song of Solomon. Style 31 No. 2 (Summer 1997). 290-309. September 18, 2001 <http.//p26688.cl.uh.edu2071/cgi-bin/web>. Willbern, David. Reading by and by Freud. Ed. G. Douglas Atkins and Laura Morrow. Contemporary Literary Theory. Amherst University of Massachusetts Press, 1989. 158-179.

Drug Abuse Essays -- Substance Abuse Essays

medicate abuse dates as far back as the Biblical era, so it is not a new phenomenon. The emotional and social deterioration and the devastation linked to drugs and their use is immeasurable. The ripple of subversive and detrimental consequences from alcoholism, drug addictions, and addictive behavior is app all tolding. Among the long list of effects is lost productivity, anxiety, depression, increased detestation rate, probable incarceration, frequent illness, and premature death. The limitless consequences include the destruction to personal development, relationships, and families (Henderson 1-2). Understandably, Americans consider drug abuse to be one of the most serious problems in the fabric of society. And although addiction is the result of voluntary drug use, addiction is no longer voluntary behavior, its uncontrollable behavior, says Alan Leshner, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (Torr 12-13).Addiction is a progressive, chronic, and ultimately a fatal dis ease. It is progressive in the sense that if it is left untreated it go out get worse. degenerative means long term. Once one becomes dependent, it is like diabetes, in that diabetes is an incurable disease that can only be controlled. Long-term addictions have the high effectiveness to lead to death through overdose, AIDs, suicide, or an accident (Aronson 17). The cycle of addiction tends to follow a pattern. People first take drugs for many different reasons. primaeval on, drug experimentation can stem from curiosity, peer pressure and influence, or because of the environment people live in (Nagle 17). For example, in the East Side of downtown it is apparent that drug dealing and drug usage is prevalent. The police recently arrested 54 individuals from the East Side. Unfortunately it was just one block out of somewhat 50 more on that side of town.Next comes the social use stage. This is the stage where most individuals tend to stop or control their usage. People will try it and occasionally use drugs to cut loose, party, and have a good time, generally if, and only if, everyone else around them is doing it. Otherwise they could either take it or leave it and dont necessarily seek out illegal drugs.However, as a tolerance to the substances begins to build and the social group changes from friends in the equivalent peer group to primarily drug users and abusers, that is when the drug... ...er says, that eventually, the drugs decrease the persons ability to experience pleasure without a drug (Torr 13).Enfin, one of the most browbeating and baffle things in the world is the disease of addiction. It is a progressive, chronic, and often fatal disease that takes control of life away from people. However, drugs are here to stay, and...we have no prize but to learn how to live with them so that they cause the least possible harm (Torr 116). Unfortunately, ten percent of all eighth graders and twenty percent of all tenth graders are using marijuana at least once a month (Torr 38). Works CitedAronson, Virginia. Junior Drug Awareness. Philadelphia Chelsea House, 2011.Dopamine System may Be the Key to Addiction. News Briefs. Nature Magazine. May-June 2012. National Drug Strategy Network. Web. 20 Apr. 2015http//www.ndsn.org/newbriefs.htmlHenderson, Elizabeth Connell. Understanding Addiction. Jackson University Press of Mississippi, 2013.Nagle, Jeanne. Everything You Need to Know About Drug Addiction. New York The Rosen Publishing Group, 2012.Torr, James D. Drug Abuse Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 2014.

Essay example --

Lynn ArmstrongComposition IIIllustration Essay11 March, 2014O headwaiter My tribal chiefWalt Whitman was a 19th century American poet who changed the rules for writing poetry. He is one of my favorite poets because he was bold enough to openly talk about sex activity and same sex couples in his works during a time where such things were looked down upon and even banned. He also aided the nation to understand and case the grief they felt after the loss of a respectable and loved authority figure. With O Captain My Captain, Walt Whitman captures the contrasting duality of the times both exulting and mournful in nature. Of all of his colorful, imaginative verse forms this one in particular resonates with me because the poets heartbreak is so real and app atomic number 18nt in the poems somber and pleading tone. This poem begins energetically, in the first couplet although it does not introduce you directly to the subject of the poem. What we know is that a ship commanded by an un named captain has come behind from a voyage, which has apparently been dreadful. (Terrinino) I can perfectly imagine the ship being meant to symbolize America during the Civil War and the damage caused by it. Also, the award that was won is obviously the victory of the Civil War. While in the second couplet, The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting, While follow eyes the truelove keel, the vessel grim and daring. This passage comes off particularly enjoyable to me because it talks about the men finally coming home from the war and the enthusiasm that awaits them when they get home. It has been a long, perilous journey for the soldiers. I dont have to try to imagine that they are excited about finally being able to be reunited with their families because ... ...es the steady keel, the vessel grim and daringBut O heart heart heartO the bleeding drops of red,Where on the deck my Captain lies, move cold and dead.O Captain my Captain rise up and hear the bellsRise upfor you the flag is flungfor you the bugle trills,For you bouquets and ribbond wreathsfor you the shores a-crowding,For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces actHere Captain dear fatherThe arm beneath your headIt is some dream that on the deck,Youve fallen cold and dead.My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still,My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will,The ship is anchord safe and sound, its voyage closed and done,From fearful wind up the victor ship comes in with object wonExult O shores, and ring O bellsBut I with mournful tread,Walk the deck my Captain lies,Fallen cold and dead.

The Japanese Colonial Legacy In Korea Essay -- essays research papers

The Japanese Colonial Legacy In KoreaNorth and South Korea are nations that while filled with contempt forJapan have utilize the foundations that Japan laid during the colonial period tofurther industrialisation. Japans colonization of Korea is critical inunderstanding what enabled Korea to industrialize in the period since 1961.Japans program of colonial industrialization is unique in the world.Japan was the only colonizer to locate various heavy industry is in its colonies.By 1945 the industrial plants in Korea accounted for about a quarter of Japansindustrial base. Japans colonization of Korea was therefore much morecomparable to the relationship between England and Ireland then that of Europeancolonization of Asia or Africa. Japans push to make up colonial industry leadJapan to build a vast network of railroads, ports, and a system of hydro-electric dams and heavy industrial plants around the Yalu River in what is nowNorth Korea. The Japanese to facilitate and manage the indus trialization of acolony also put in place a strong exchange government.Although Japans colonial industrialism in Korea was aimed at advancingJapanese policies and goals and not those of the Korean populace colonizationleft Korea with distinct advantages over other developing countries at the endof World War Two. Korea was left with a base for industrializing, a high levelof literacy, experience with modern commerce, and close ties to Japan. Japanscolonial heavy industrial pl...

The Power of the Witches in Shakespeares Macbeth Essay -- Macbeth e

The Power of the Witches in Shakespeares Macbeth The tragedy of Macbeth comes about because of a single event in his life. If that one moment, the meeting with the witches on the heath, had non pass oned then Macbeth would no doubt have gone on to be a loyal and respected subject of King Duncan and, later, King Malcolm. However, the meeting did happen and the powerful force of ambition was unleashed within Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. It is the combination of these two factors, the meeting with the witches and Macbeths own inner demons, that lead to tragedy, and make the play terrifying in the wayfaring sense. The three witches are certainly responsible for initiating the events that lead to Macbeths tragedy. Their greeting to him All hail, Macbeth Hail to thee thane of Glamis All hail, Macbeth Hail to thee, thane of Cawdor All hail Macbeth That shalt be king futurity feed straight into his desire for advancement. At this point in the play he is the newly appointed than e of Glamis but assumes that the thane of Cawdor still lives. When news arrives that he is to be the new thane of Cawdor, Macbeth sees the second greeting as a prediction and cannot help but wonder whether the third greeting will also prove accurate. Banquo says that the forces of repulsiveness use the truth to win us to harm but Macbeth is unsure. This supernatural soliciting cannot be good, Cannot be ill. For the audience there is even more to think about. They survive from the conversation about the sailor whose wife had offended one of them that the witches power is circumscribed. They can torment him but not change his fate. Though his bark cannot be lost Yet it shall ... ...with witches, partly to flatter the witch-hating James I and partly to introduce an exciting flavour of the supernatural into the play. But, exciting as the scenes with the witches and Hecate are, they are not at the heart of the tragedy. The witches powers are limited, Lady Macbeth is onl y a helper it is Macbeths own weaknesses that bring him down. Works Cited and Consulted Greenblatt, Stephen. Introduction to Macbeth. The Norton Shakespeare. New York Norton, 1997. 2555-63. Hawkins, Michael. The Witches and Macbeth. Focus on Macbeth. Ed. throne Russell Brown. London Routledge, 1982. 155-88. Kermode, Frank. Introduction to Macbeth. The Riverside Shakespeare. Boston Houghton, 1974. 1307-11. Shakespeare, William. Tragedy of Macbeth . Ed. Barbara Mowat and Paul Warstine. New York Washington Press, 1992.

The Power of the Witches in Shakespeares Macbeth Essay -- Macbeth e

The Power of the Witches in Shakespeares Macbeth The tragedy of Macbeth comes about beca engagement of a single event in his life. If that one moment, the meeting with the witches on the heath, had not happened thusly Macbeth would no doubt have gone on to be a loyal and respected subject of King Duncan and, later, King Malcolm. However, the meeting did happen and the justly force of ambition was unleashed within Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. It is the combination of these two factors, the meeting with the witches and Macbeths own inner demons, that lead to tragedy, and make the play terrifying in the Aristotelian sense. The iii witches are certainly responsible for initiating the events that lead to Macbeths tragedy. Their greeting to him All hail, Macbeth Hail to thee thane of Glamis All hail, Macbeth Hail to thee, thane of Cawdor All hail Macbeth That shalt be king hereafter run for straight into his desire for advancement. At this point in the play he is the spick-a nd-spanly appointed thane of Glamis but assumes that the thane of Cawdor still lives. When news arrives that he is to be the new thane of Cawdor, Macbeth sees the second greeting as a prediction and cannot help but wonder whether the third greeting will also prove accurate. Banquo says that the forces of darkness use the truth to win us to harm but Macbeth is unsure. This supernatural soliciting cannot be good, Cannot be ill. For the audience there is even more to think about. They know from the communication about the sailor whose wife had offended one of them that the witches power is circumscribed. They can torment him but not change his fate. Though his bark cannot be lost Yet it shall ... ...with witches, partly to flatter the witch-hating James I and partly to introduce an exciting flavour of the supernatural into the play. But, exciting as the scenes with the witches and Hecate are, they are not at the heart of the tragedy. The witches powers are limited, La dy Macbeth is only a helper it is Macbeths own weaknesses that bring him down. Works Cited and Consulted Greenblatt, Stephen. Introduction to Macbeth. The Norton Shakespeare. New York Norton, 1997. 2555-63. Hawkins, Michael. The Witches and Macbeth. Focus on Macbeth. Ed. John Russell Brown. capital of the United Kingdom Routledge, 1982. 155-88. Kermode, Frank. Introduction to Macbeth. The Riverside Shakespeare. Boston Houghton, 1974. 1307-11. Shakespeare, William. Tragedy of Macbeth . Ed. Barbara Mowat and Paul Warstine. New York Washington Press, 1992.

Spirit Bound Chapter Four

I DECIDED ITD BE BEST not to mention my conversation with Adrians arrest to him. I didnt need psychic powers to sense his mixed mood as we walked endure to guest housing. His father had annoyed him, only if his mothers seeming acceptance had cheered him up. I didnt want to damage that by letting Adrian hump she was only okay with our dating because she figured it was a temporary, fun thing.So youre going off with Lissa? he asked when we reached my room.Yup, sorry. You knowgirl stuff. And by girl stuff, I meant breaking and entering.Adrian seemed a little disappointed, but I knew he didnt begrudge our friendship. He gave me a piffling pull a face and wrapped his arms just about my waist, leaning bring to candy kiss me. Our lips met, and that warmth that always surprised me scattering through me. After a hardly a(prenominal) sweet importees, we broke apart(predicate), but the look in his eyes tell it wasnt easy for him.See you late(a)r, I said. He gave me one to a greate r extent quick kiss and then headed off to his own room.I immediately sought out Lissa, who was hanging out in her own room. She was staring intently at a silver spoon, and through our bond, I could sense her intent. She was attempting to infuse it with spirits compulsion, so that whoever held it would cheer up. I wondered if she intended it for herself or was just randomly experimenting. I didnt probe her headland to incur out.A spoon? I asked with amusement.She shrugged and rigid it down. Hey, its not easy to keep getting a hold of silver. I have to bear away what I can get.Well, itd make for happy dinner parties.She smiled and put her feet upon the ebony coffee table that sat in the middle of her little suites living room. Each cadence I saw it, I couldnt help but be reminded of the glossy black furniture that had been in my own prison suite back in Russia. I had fought Dimitri with a stake made from a chairs leg of similar style.Speaking of which how was your dinner party?N ot as bad as I thought, I admitted. I never realized what an asshole Adrians dad was, though. His mom was actually pretty cool. She didnt have a problem with us dating.Yeah, Ive met her. She is nice though I never thought she was nice enough to be okay with scandalous dating. I dont suppose Her Royal Majesty carryed up? Lissa was joking, so my result floored her.She did, and it wasnt awful.What? Did you say wasnt?I know, I know. It was so grim. It was this really quick visit to see Adrian, and she acted like me being on that point was no big deal. I didnt both(prenominal)er delving into the politics of Tatianas views on Moroi training for battle. Of course, who knows what would have happened if she stayed? Maybe she would have turned into her old self. I would have needed a whole set of magic silverware thento stop me from pulling a knife on her.Lissa groaned. Rose, you cannot make those kinds of jokes.I grinned. I say the things youre too afraid to.This made her smile in retur n. Its been a eagle-eyed time since Ive heard that, she said softly. My trip to Russia had fractured our friendshipwhich had ended up showing me just how much it really meant to me.We pass the rest of the time hanging out, talking about Adrian and other gossip. I was meliorate to see shed gotten over her earlier mood about Christian, but as the day progressed, her anxiety grew about our pending mission with Mia.Its going to be okay, I told her when the time came. We were heading back across the Court grounds, dressed in comfortable jeans and T-shirts. It was nice to be free of school curfew, but again, being out in the bright sunlight didnt make me feel very covert. Thisll be easy.Lissa cut me a look but said nothing. The guardians were the security force in our world, and this was their headquarters. Breaking in was going to be anything but easy.Mia looked determined when we reached her, though, and I felt encouraged by her attitudeand that she was wearing all black. True, it wo uldnt do much in sunlight, but it made this all feel more legitimate. I was dying to know what had happened with Christian, and Lissa was too. Again, it was one of those topics best left unexplained.Mia did, however, explain her plan to us, and I honestly felt it had about a 65 percent find oneself of working. Lissa was uneasy about her role since it involved compulsion, but she was a trooper and agreed to do it. We went over everything in detail a few more times and then set out to the building that housed guardian operations. Id been there once before, when Dimitri had taken me to see Victor in the holding cells adjacent to the guardians HQ. Id never spent much time in the main offices before, and as Mia had predicted, they were lightly staffed this time of the day.When we walked in, we were immediately met by a reception area like youd find in any other administrative office. A stern guardian sat at a desk with a computer, filing cabinets and tables all around him. He probably d idnt have much to do at this time of night, but he was withal clearly on high alert. Beyond him was a door, and it held my attention. Mia had explained that it was a gateway to all the guardian secrets, to their records and main officesand surveillance areas that monitored high-risk regions of the Court.Stern or not, the guy had a small smile for Mia. Isnt it a little late for you? You arent here for lessons, are you?She grinned back. He must have been one of the guardians shed grown friendly with during her time at Court. Nah, just up with some friends and wanted to show them around.He arched an eyebrow as he took in me and Lissa. He gave a slight nod of acknowledgment. Princess Dragomir. Guardian Hathaway. Apparently our reputations preceded us. It was the first time Id been turn to by my new title. It startled meand made me feel slightly guilty about betraying the group Id just become a member of.This is weary, explained Mia. Don, the princess has a upgrade to ask. She looked meaningfully at Lissa.Lissa took a deep breath, and I felt the burnings of compulsion magic through our bond as she focused her gaze upon him. Don, she said firmly, place us the keys and codes to the records archives downstairs. And then make sure the cameras in those areas are turned off.He frowned. Why would I however as her eyes keep to hold his, I could see the compulsion seize him. The lines on his face smoothed into compliance, and I breathed a sigh of relief. Plenty of people were fast(a) enough to resist compulsionparticularly that of ordinary Moroi. Lissas was much stronger because of spirit, though you never knew if someone dexterity break through.Of course, he said, standing up. He exposed a desk drawer and handed Mia a set of keys that she promptly gave to me. The code is 4312578.I committed it to memory, and he beckoned us through the all-powerful door. Beyond it, corridors spread in all directions. He pointed to one on our right. Down there. Take a left at the e nd, go downstairs two flights, and its the door on the right.Mia glanced at me to make sure I tacit. I nodded, and she turned back to him. Now make sure the surveillance is off.Take us there, said Lissa firmly.Don couldnt resist her command, and she and Mia followed him, leaving me on my own. This part of the plan was all on me, and I hurried down the hall. The facility cogency be lightly staffed, but I could still run into someoneand would have no compulsion to help me talk my way out of trouble.Dons directions were spot-on, but I still wasnt watchful when I punched in the code and entered the vault. Rows and rows of filing cabinets stretched down a huge hall. I couldnt see the end of it. Drawers were stacked five high, and the faint light lighting and eerie silence gave it all a spooky, almost haunted feel. All the guardians information from before the digital age. God only knew how far back these records went. To medieval days in Europe? I suddenly felt daunted and wondered if I could pull this off.I walked to the first cabinet on my left, relieved to see it was labeled. AA1 it read. Below it was AA2 and so forth. Oh dear. It was going to take me several cabinets to even get out of the As. I was grateful the organization was as simple as alphabetical order, but I now understood why these cabinets went on forever. I had to go back more than three quarters of the way down the room to get to the Ts. And it wasnt until I got to the TA27 drawer that I found the file for Tarasov Prison.I gasped. The file was thick, filled with all sorts of documents. There were pages on the prisons history and its migration patterns, as well as floor plans for each of its locations. I could hardly believe it. So much information but what did I need? What would be utile? The answer came quickly all of it. I shut the drawer and tucked the folder under my arm. Okay. Time to get out of here.I turned around and began heading for the exit at a light jog. Now that I had what I neede d, the urgency of escape was pressing on me. I was almost there when I heard a soft click, and the door opened. I froze as a dhampir I didnt recognize stepped through. He froze as well, clearly astonished, and I took it as a small blessing that he didnt immediately pin me against the wall and start interrogating me.Youre Rose Hathaway, he said. Good lord. Was there anyone who didnt know who I was?I tensed, unsure what to expect now, but spoke as though us meeting here made perfect sense. So it would seem. Who are you?Mikhail Tanner, he said, still puzzled. What are you doing here?Running an errand, I said breezily. I indicated the file. The guardian on duty down here needed something.Youre lying, he said. Im the guardian on archive duty. If someone needed something, they would have sent me.Oh, shit. Talk about best-laid plans failing. Yet as I stood there, a strange thought came to me. His appearance wasnt familiar at all curly brown hair, average height, late twenties. Pretty good- looking, really. But his name something about his nameMs. Karp, I gasped. Youre the one you were involved with Ms. Karp.He stiffened, blue eyes narrowing warily. What do you know about that?I swallowed. What Id doneor tried to do for Dimitriwasnt without precedent. You loved her. You went out to kill her afterwards she after she turned.Ms. Karp had been a teacher of ours a few years ago. Shed been a spirit user, and as the effects of it began to drive her insane, shed done the only thing she could to spell her mind become a Strigoi. Mikhail, her lover, had done the only thing hed known to end that evil state search for and kill her. It occurred to me that I was standing opposite with the hero of a love story nearly as dramatic as my own.But you never found her, I said softly. Did you?He took a long time in answering, his eyes weighing me heavily. I wondered what he was thinking about. Her? His own cark? Or was he analyzing me?No, he said finally. I had to stop. The guardians need ed me more.He spoke in that calm, controlled way that guardians excelled at, but in his eyes, I saw griefa grief I more than understood. I hesitated before taking a shot at the only chance I had to not get busted and end up in a jail cell.I know I know you have every reason to drag me out of here and turn me in. You should. Its what youre supposed to dowhat Id do too. But the thing is, this I again nodded at the folder. Well, Im kind of trying to do what you did. Im trying to save someone.He remained quiet. He could probably guess who I meant and assumed save meant kill. If he knew who I was, hed know who my mentor had been. Few knew about my romantic relationship with Dimitri, but me caring about him would have been a foregone conclusion.Its futile, you know, Mikhail said at last. This time, his voice cracked a little. I tried I tried so hard to find her. But when they melt when they dont want to be found He shook his head. Theres nothing we can do. I understand why you want to do it. Believe me, I do. But its impossible. Youll never find him if he doesnt want you to.I wondered how much I could tell Mikhailhow much I should. It occurred to me then that if there was anyone else in this world who understood what I was going through, it would be this man. Besides, I didnt have a lot of options here.The thing is, I think I can find him, I said slowly. Hes looking for me.What? Mikhails eyebrows rose. How do you know?Because he, um, sends me letters about it.That fierce warrior look immediately returned. If you know this, if you can find him you should get backup to kill him.I flinched at those last words and again feared what I had to say next. Would you believe me if I said there was a way to save him?You mean by destroying him.I shook my head. No I mean really save. A way to restore him to his original state.No, Mikhail said swiftly. Thats impossible.It might not be. I know someone who did itwho turned a Strigoi back. Okay, that was a small lie. I didnt actually know the person, but I wasnt going to get into the string of knowing-someone-who-knew-someoneThats impossible, Mikhail repeated. Strigoi are dead. Undead. aforementioned(prenominal) difference.What if there was a chance? I said. What if it could be done? What if Ms. Karpif Sonyacould become Moroi again? What if you could be together again? Itd also mean shed be crazy again, but that was a technicality for later.It felt like an eternity before he answered, and my anxiety grew. Lissa couldnt compel forever, and Id told Mia I would be fast. This plan would fall apart if I didnt get out soon. Yet, watching him deliberate, I could see his mask falter. After all this time, he still loved his Sonya.If what youre saying is trueand I dont believe itthen Im coming with you.Whoa, no. Not in the plan. You cant, I said swiftly. Ive already got people in place. Another small lie. Adding more might ruin things. Im not doing it alone, I said, cutting off what I figured would be his next argument. If you really want to help mereally want to take a chance on pitch her backyou need to let me go.Theres no way it can be true, he repeated. But there was disbelieve in his voice, and I played on it.Can you take that chance?More silence. I was starting to sweat now. Mikhail closed his eyes for a moment and took a deep breath. Then he stepped aside and gestured to the door. Go.I nearly sagged in relief and immediately grabbed the door handle. Thank you. Thank you so much.I could get in a lot of trouble for this, he said wearily. And I still dont believe its possible.But you hope it is. I didnt need a response from him to know I was right. I opened the door, but before going through, I paused and glanced at him. This time, he no longer hid the grief and pain in his face. If you mean it if you want to help there might be a way you can.Another piece of the puzzle had unraveled itself for me, another way we might pull this off. I explained what I needed from him and was surprised at ho w quickly he agreed. He really was like me, I realized. We both knew the idea of bringing back Strigoi was impossible and yet we so, so wanted to believe it could be doneI slipped back upstairs alone after that. Don wasnt at his desk, and I wondered what Mia had done with him. I didnt wait to find out and instead headed outside, off to a small courtyard that wed established as our rendezvous point. Mia and Lissa were both waiting there, pacing. No longer distracted with anxiety, I opened myself to the bond and felt Lissas agitation.Thank God, she said when she saw me. We thought youd been caught.Well its a long story. One I didnt bother with. I got what I needed. And I actually got a whole lot more. I think we can do this.Mia gave me a look that was both wry and wistful. I sure do wish I knew what you guys were doing.I shook my head as the three of us walked away. No, I replied. Im not sure that you do.

Prime Bank

1. 1 Introduction of the Report In the modern competitive environment, the pursuit of divine patroning timbre is now considered to be an essential strategy. Offering a superior product is no biger sufficient, as firms in the 21st century sparing make do on a much broader platform. In cost of the depository financial institutioning sector, return tone has bring to pass an increasingly cardinal instrument for success and survival (Cui, Lewis, & Park, 2003).Provision of spirited bore function aids in meeting several requirements such(prenominal) as customer satisfaction and its consequent loyalty and market sh ar, soliciting new customers, amend productivity, financial performance and profitability (Collet, Lancier, & Olliver, 1990 Julian & Ramaseshan, 1994 Lewis, 1989, 1993 Llosa, Chandon, & Orsingher, 1998). It has excessively become an important research topic beca mathematical function of its important family relationship to corporate marketing and financial perfo rmance.In the presumptionworthy workplace the tec intends to find out the customer returns performance of height slang chipping and excessively comp ar the performance with new(prenominal)wise hugger-mugger sector buzzwords. The primitive pious platitude Limited is a national margeing group that is incorporated on the 12th February, 1995 as a consequence of relentless and obdurate efforts of a group of entrepreneurs having excellence of experience exposure in the different fields of industry, mess and commerce of Bangladesh.To prepare a specific and precise depth psychology on serve well timbre performance, the researcher will consider the SURVQUAL model proposed by Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry (1988) which consists of five key balances care reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and literals. 1. 2 Origin of the get This report has been prepared as a requirement of the internship class of School of Business, North South University (NSU). The organization attachment started on 24 January 2010 and ended on 24th April 2010.This project on Comparative depth psychology of Customer Service tint of visor situate Limited with an different(prenominal) Private moneymaking(prenominal)-grade depones is depute by Kazi Tozammel Huq, Assistant Vice President, Motijheel Branch, flush cashbox Limited (PBL) and it was approved by institution supervisor Mr. Muntasir Alam, Lecturer, School of Business, North South University (NSU). 1. 3 social occasion of the Study The purpose of the study is to make a comparative depth psychology of customer gain quality of skin rash shore Limited with other surreptitious commercializedized verifys.This study attempted to earn the customer perceptions on different usefulness quality symmetrys while dealing with these banks. The purpose is withal to make recommendations for meliorate the quality and soundness of different operate provided to the customers by primary bank Limited. 1 . 4 Statement of the occupation In the current study, the researcher will use five important belongingss like reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibles to find out the customer service quality of set up bank Limited and thus compare the service quality with other private commercial banks in Bangladesh.The problem statement, then, is stated as fol disordereds The current study will identify the customer service quality of efflorescence bank Limited considering key places such as reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibles and compare the performance with other private commercial banks in Bangladesh. 1. 5 Research Methodology 1. 5. 1 Research design As the purpose of this study is to make a comparative abstract of customer service quality of different private commercial banks, therefore descriptive research was undertaken to fulfill the main purpose of the study.The current study will compare the customer perceptions of service quality of elevation affirm Limited with the private commercial banks such as capital of Bangladesh stick Ltd, southeastern verify Ltd and mercenary verify Ltd under five key dimensions like tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. This research will use a descriptive study to discover the ideas and insights of these different service quality dimensions. Therefore, the current study will be characterized as a descriptive study. 1. 5. 2 Sampling method For the current study, the researcher will use the customers of quaternity ifferent private commercial banks such as Prime assert Limited, capital of Bangladesh Bank Ltd, sou-east Bank Ltd and Mercantile Bank Ltd as the sample for the study. For this proposed study, the population will be the customers of different private commercial banks in Bangladesh. The researcher will use stratified random sampling to collect the sample for this study. In a recent study Sureshchandar, Rajendran, and Anantharaman (2003) come a lso utilized this sampling method to make a comparative abstract of customer perceptions of service quality in the banking sector.The stratification will be make based on the four different banks. From each of the banks, about 20 customers will be randomly selected and thus the sample size will be 80. Data have been collected using the personal-contact approach, i. e. the respondents have been approached person everyy and softenn a detailed explanation about the inspect. 1. 5. 3 Survey Instrument In the current study, the researcher will use a questionnaire to collect the data from the sample. Structured questionnaire will be used in this research. The questionnaire used in this study is comprised of two parts.The first part contains questions about personal profiles of the respondents including age, occupation and types of tales currently holding. Then the succeeding(prenominal) and final part includes expectations of respondents according to five dimensions. These dimensions are reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibles. A seven-point Likert outperform ranging from strongly disagree = 1 to strongly agree = 7 was used to measure the 21 events. This 21-item SURVQUAL scale is developed by Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry (1988). Since Parasuraman et al. 1988) introduced the SERVQUAL instrument, some researchers have also used, extended and developed this scale to study service quality in different sectors of the go industry (Fick & Ritchie, 1991 Babakus & Mangold, 1992 Coyle & Dale, 1993 Cronin & Taylor, 1992 Lewis & Pescetto, 1996 Smith, 1995 Buttle, 1996 Lam, Wong, & Yeung, 1997 Lim & Tang, 2000 Oldfield & Baron, 2000 Gounaris, Stathakopoulos, & Athanassopoulos, 2003). 1. 5. 4 Data line of battle The study was conducted on the basis of both the primary and secondary ources of information. Primary data Primary data were collected through and through questionnaire from the customers of Prime Bank Limited, capital of Bangladesh Ba nk Ltd, Southeast Bank Ltd and Mercantile Bank Ltd. Secondary data Annual reports of PBL, Instruction circular of head Office, Brochures of different Banks, online articles. 1. 5. 5 Data analysis procedure In the current situation, the proposed study is a comparative study which intends to analyze the customer service quality of Prime Bank Limited with other Private Commercial Banks.As a way out, after collecting the data the researcher will use Mean value to make the comparison among the banks considering the five dimensions of service quality measurement. Several studies have utilized the misbegotten value to analyze the service quality dimensions (Joseph & Stone, 2003 Dotchin & Oakland, 1994 Cuthbert, 1996 Allred & Addams 2000). In this study, the researcher will also use component part analysis to analyze the data for the proposed study.The researcher intends to check if the scale items included in the questionnaire constituted a maven dimension in the specific linguistic c ontext of the different private commercial banks and then make a comparison between the banks. close to previous studies have also utilized work out analysis to study service quality of different service organizations (Cui, Lewis, & Park, 2003 Cuthbert, 1996 Arasli, Mehtap-Smadi, & Katircioglu, 2005). To analyze the data gathered from the survey Microsoft Excel 2003 and SPSS 12. 0 is utilized. 1. 5. 6 Survey Time The survey time for the current study is April, 2010. 1. 6 Limitations of the StudyThe major limitations of this study are given as fol first-class honours degrees a. There were some restrictions to have access to the information secret by concern authority. b. For the comparative analysis only the showtimees of the four private commercial banks which are turn up in Gulshan, Banani and Mohakhali areas are selected to collect data for the research. c. In the current study only the perceptions of the customers regarding the service quality is measured. The expectations of the customers regarding the five dimensions of service quality could be measured in such study to evaluate the bed covering dispatch between perceptions and expectations. . Sufficient records, publications regarding customer service were not available as per requirement. e. Non-cooperative behavior of some officials from few branches. 2. 1 Introduction of the Organization The Prime Bank Limited (PBL) is a national banking group that is incorporated on the 12th February, 1995 as a consequence of relentless and decided efforts of a group of entrepreneurs having excellence of experience exposure in the different fields of industry, flip and commerce of the sphere. It started operation as a commercial bank on the seventeenth April 1995 with a branch at Motijheel.At present the bank has 36 branches spread all over the country. It renders all types of commercial banking services to the customers of all strata in the connection within the stipulations laid down the bank company act 1 991 and rules and regulations formed by Bangladesh from time to time. Diversification of products and services and innovation of products suited to the unavoidably of the customers in keeping with relevant rules and laws have made it different from other commercial banks of the country. PBLs national business in personal banking, corporate banking and its markets are its extra strengths.It maintains correspondent relationship with all over the banks in countries. Prime Bank Limited is a forward looking and modern local bank with a record of sound performance. It is discarding its erstwhile conservative mould and in response to the current dynamic trends in locally financial activities, adopting an aggressive customer focused remains. The effort that Prime Bank makes in order to portray the bank as a brand simulacrum is very strong and successful. The ordinary image is that it is trustworthy, efficient, divine serviceful and committed. The logo of the bank depicts the merger o f sureness.Prime Bank Ltd. has already made significant progress within a very short breaker point of its existences. The bank has been graded as a top class bank in the country through internationally accepted CAMEL rating. The Bank made fine progress in all areas of business operation in 2004. Prime Bank offers all kinds of commercial corporate and personal banking services covering all segments of society within the framework of banking company Act and rules and regulations laid down by our central bank. Diversification of products and services include Corporate Banking, Retail Banking and Consumer Banking.Prime Bank Ltd. was designed to provide commercial and investment banking services to all types of customer ranging from smaller entrepreneur to big business firms. Besides investment in trade and commerce, the Bank participates in the socioeconomic development through the participation in priority sectors like agriculture, Industry, housing and self-employment. Prime Bank Ltd. want to establish, maintain, carry on transact Undertake and conduct all types of banking, financial all investment and trust business in Bangladesh and abroad. 2. 2 Mission of PBLTo build Prime Bank Limited into an efficient, market driven, customer focused institution with good corporate governance structure. Continuous improvement in our business policies, procedures and efficiency through integrating of technology at all directs. 2. 3 Goals and Objectives of PBL Maximization of Profit through customer satisfaction is the main objective of the Bank. In addition, the others relevant objectives are ? To be market leaders in utmost quality banking products and services. ? Active excellence in customer service through providing the most modern and advance technology in the different spheres of banking. To participate in the industrial development of the country to encourage the new and educated young entrepreneurs to under take productive take and demonstrate their creativ ity and there by participate in the national development ? To provide credit facilities to the small and medium size entrepreneur located in urban & sub-Urban area and easily accessible by our branches. ? To develop saving attitude and making acquaintance with modern banking facilities. ? To inspire for undertaking small projects for creation employment through income generating activities. To play a significant role in the economic development of the country. 2. 4 Organogram of Prime Bank Limited 2. 5 Hierarchy of Prime Bank Limited 2. 6 Business Activities of PBL Prime Bank Limited provides a full mental image of products and services to its customers, some of which are mentioned be pathetic with a brief overview of the major business activities. Consumer Finance There are branches and finance centers under this cleavage with a qualitative custody of employees. Some of the services provided by this division are unsecured personal lends, credit cards, and vehicle related lease etc.Personal Banking There are branches with highly qualified workforce provide various kinds of loans, various types of accounts, cheques, card money etc. Corporate Banking & institutional Banking There are some branches under this division. The services provided by this division are International Trade management, Institutional Banking, Custody and Cash Management. Custodial Service PBL equator fulfills its strategic commitment to provide custody and clearing services. Equators main focus is on the following ? Commitment to quality ? Dedication to customer needs Sustained investment in people and systems International Trade Management This division is operational throughout the group and PBLs core strength is trade finance and services. With an experience Prime Bank has developed knowledge of trade finance, which is world class. Principle services to importers include imports letter of credit, import bills for collection and back to back letters of credit facilities. Services pro vide to merchandiseers include export letters of credit, direct export bills for collection, bulk letter of credit collection, bonds, and guarantees.Cash Management Prime Bank recognizes the importance of cash management to corporate and financial institutional customers, and offers a comprehensive range of services and liquidity management. Institutional Banking Through Prime Bank it is very well positioned to provide a wide range of services to institutional clients, commercial, merchant and central banks brokers and dealers insurance companies funds and managers, and others. It provides relationship managers who are close to their customers and speak local language.This wide network of institutional banking facilities includes transaction, introduction, problem solving and renders advice and guidelines on local trading condition. Treasury Treasury operations had been consideration as an important avenue for income generation purpose within Head Office. In fact, in the past, inco me from treasury operation was quite sizable and significant to the total income generated by the bank. The treasury division publishes daily and weekly currency intelligence activity letters, which provide analyses of currency trends and related issues.Seminars and workshops are conducted for customers from time to time on foreign exchange related topics. Customers can also have access to banks information database round the clock through phone banking. Prime Bank is one of the first local banks in Bangladesh to integrate treasury relations of local money market and foreign currency under one Treasury umbrella. The bank has handled significant volumes of treasury over the last several years. Prime Banks Dealing Room is connected with automated Reuters Terminal facility thus enabling the bank to provide forward/future facilities to its corporate clients at a very competitive rate.In 2004 the treasury operation recorded an income of TK 180. 12 million excluding money market income o f TK 72. 25 million. Electronic Banking Electronic Banking provides various types of support through a wide range of operating systems, sweeping transactions accessions with the provisions of reporting features or other special functions. remote Exchange Business oer the years, foreign trade operations of the bank played a pivotal role in the overall business development of the bank. The bank has established relationship with as many as 110 new foreign correspondents abroad thereby raising the total number of correspondents to 350.The total import business handled by the bank during the year 2004 was tk 19564 million against taka 13428 million of the year 2003. The growth rate was 46%. The bank has also entered into remittance arrangements with several banks and exchange houses and expects to handle increase volume of remittance business over the near future. Online Branch Banking The bank has set up a Wide Area Network (WAN) across the country to provide online branch banking faci lity to its valued clients. Under the scheme clients of any branch shall be able to do banking transaction at other branches of the bank.Under this system a client will be able to do following type of transactions ? Cash withdrawal from his/her account at any branch of the bank irrespective of the location. ? Cash deposit in his/her account at any branch of the bank irrespective of the location. ? Cash deposit in others account at any branch of the bank irrespective of the location. ? Transfer of money from his/her account with any branch of the bank. SWIFT Prime Bank limited is one of the first few Bangladeshi banks, which have become atom of SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) in 1999.SWIFT is a member-owned co-operative, which provides a abstain and accurate communication network for financial transactions such as Letters of accredit, Fund Transfer etc. By becoming a member of SWIFT, the bank has opened up possibilities for uninterrupted connect ivity with over 5,700 user institutions in 150 countries around the world. Information Technology in Banking Operation Prime Bank limited adopted automation in banking operation from the first day of its operation. The main objective of this automation is to provide efficient and prompt services to the banks clients. At present all the branches of the bank are computerized.At branch level, the bank is using server-based multi-user software under UNIX operating system to provide best security of automation. profitability and Shareholder Satisfaction The bank had been one of the most profi get across in the banking sector. The banks return on assets (ROA) crossed 3. 75 percent in the year 2004. level though the capital market of the country has been suffering over the last few years, the good performance of Prime Bank made sure that the banks mete out price remained in a respectable position. 2. 7 Products and Services of Prime Bank Limited Prime bank Limited offers various kinds o f deposit products and loan schemes.The bank also has highly qualified professional staff members who have the capability to manage and meet all the requirements of the bank. Every account is assigned to an account manager who personally takes care of it and is available for discussion and inquiries, whether one writes, telephones or calls. Deposit Products ? Monthly Contributory Savings aims(CSS) ? Monthly Benefit Deposit Receipt(MBDR) ? finicky Deposit Receipt Scheme(SDR) ? Education Savings Scheme(ESS) ? Fixed Deposit Receipt Scheme(FDR) ? Current Account ? Savings account ? Short Term Deposit ? Multi specie Account Loan Schemes ? General Loan Scheme Consumer Credit Scheme ? Lease Finance ? House Building Loan & Apartment Loan Scheme ? Advance against Shares ? Custodial Services for investors (both individual & institutional) investing in through Stock exchange ? One stop services for payment of utility bills. ? Credit card 2. 8 Financial Position of Prime Bank Limited The fin ancial position for the last three years of Prime Bank Limited is given below (Taka in million) Particulars 2007 2008 2009 Total Deposits 16481. 0 20483. 23 28069. 24 Loans and Advances 12686. 85 16492. 22 23219. 67 Investment 1996. 23 2749. 71 3083. 81 Foreign Exchange Business 31753. 70 41930. 80 56248. 80 run Income 1196. 20 1593. 9 1970. 37 Operating Expenditure 448. 36 592. 28 824. 23 Operating Profit 747. 84 1001. 41 1146. 14 Total Assets 19358. 93 24249. 13 32361. 62 Market value per share 307. 51 374. 25 879. 0 No of Branches 27 30 36 No of Employees 730 777 894 No of Shareholders 1727 1993 2620 No of Foreign Correspondences 422 441 501 3. 1 Literature Review . 1. 1 Service part Lehtinen and Lehtinen (1982) defined service quality in basis of physical quality, interactive quality and corporate (image) quality. Physical quality relates to the tangible aspects of the service. Interactive quality involves the interactive nature of services and refers to the two -way flow that occurs between the customer and the service provider, or his/her representative, including both automated and animated interactions. Corporate quality refers to the image attributed to a service provider by its current and potential customers, as well as other publics.Lewis and Booms (1983) definition clearly states that service is a measure of how well the service level delivered matches customer expectations and delivering quality service means conforming to customer expectation on a consistent basis. In some earlier studies, researchers define service quality as the extent to which a service meets customers needs or expectations (Lewis & Mitchell, 1990 Dotchin & Oakland, 1994 Asubonteng, McCleary, & Swan, 1996 Wisniewski and Donnelly, 1996).Zeithaml (1987) defined that service quality is the consumers judgment about an entitys overall excellence or superiority. It is a form of attitude, and results from a comparison of expectations to perceptions of performance rec eived. Zeithaml, Berry, and Parasuraman (1990) on the other hand, have chosen to define service quality as the extent of the variety between customers expectations or desires and their perceptions. Service quality has been also defined as the consumers overall impression of the relative inferiority or superiority of the organization and services (Zeithaml et al. 1990 Taylor & Baker, 1994). Christopher, Payne, and Ballantyne (1993) have defined service quality as the ability of the organization to meet or exceed customer expectations. Service quality is believed to depend on the gap between expected and perceived performance (Anderson, Fornell, & Lehmann, 1994). Gitlow, Oppenheim, and Oppenheim (1989) also stated that service quality is the extent to which the customer or users believe the service surpasses their needs and expectations.Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry (1985) proposed that service quality is a function of the differences between expectation and performance along the quality dimensions. Service quality has been also defined as a consumer attitude reflecting the perceived overall superiority and excellence in the process and outcome of a service provider (Parasuraman et al. , 1988). Gronroos (2001) recently defined service quality as a mixture of three elements quality of the consumption process itself, the quality of the outcome of the process and image of the provider of the service.Service quality has become an increasingly important factor for success and survival in the banking sector. Provision of high quality service aids in meeting several requirements such as customer satisfaction and its consequent loyalty and market share, soliciting new customers, improved productivity, financial performance and profitability (Collet et al. , 1990 Julian and Ramaseshan, 1994 Lewis, 1989, 1993 Llosa et al. , 1998). Bank Service quality has become an important factor in determining market shares and profitability (Andereson et al. , 1994 Spathis, Kosmid ou, & Doumpous, 2002). . 1. 2 Service whole step places Since a conceptual model concerning perceived service quality was proposed by Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry (1985), service quality dimensions have become an area of interest in marketing research (Bolton & Drew, 1991b Brown & Swartz, 1989 Carman, 1990 Cronin & Taylor, 1992, 1994 Parasuraman et al. , 1988, 1994 Teas, 1993, 1994 Zeithaml et al. , 1996). One of the important issues related to service quality is the dimensions of service quality, and the measurement tool, SERVQUAL developed by Parasuraman et al. 1988) has been the starting point of the controversy in this area. Parasuraman et al. (1988) identify five quality dimensions which think specific service characteristics to consumer expectations of quality. These five basic dimensions are (1) dependability Reliability is defined as the ability to perform the promised service faithfully and accurately (Parasuraman et al. , 1988). Reliability involves consistency of performance and dependability. It means that the firm performs the service right first time. It also means that the firm maintains its promises.Specifically it involves accuracy in billing keeping records justly performing the service at the designated time. (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, & Berry, 1985) Reliability basically refers to the extent to which the retail service provides what was promised when it was promised (Dabholkar, Thorpe, & Rentz, 1996). Zeithaml et al. (1990) defined reliability as the ability to perform the promised service dependably and accurately. (2) reactivity It is defined as the willingness to help customers and provide prompt service (Parasuraman et al. , 1988).It Concerns the willingness or readiness of employees to provide services. responsiveness involves timeliness of service like flyer a transaction slip immediately returning a phone call quickly giving prompt service setting up appointments quickly. tally to Zeithaml et al. (1990) responsiveness refe rs to the motivation to help (internal) customers and provide prompt service to them. (3) Assurance Parasuraman et al. , (1988) defined assurance as the knowledge and courtesy of employees and their ability to convey trust and confidence.Assurance involves trustworthiness, believability, honesty. It involves having the customers best interests at content. Contributing to credibility includes company name company reputation personal characteristics of the contact personnel office how much a hard sell is employed in interactions with the customer (Parasuraman et al. , 1985). Zeithaml et al. (1990) defined assurance as the awareness and good manners of the employees and their ability to convey trust and confidence to the customers. 4) Empathy According to Parasuraman et al. , (1988) empathy is defined as caring and individualized attention provided to customers. Empathy refers to graciousness, respect, consideration and friendliness of contact personnel including receptionists, telep hone operators, etc. It includes consideration for the consumers property break up and neat appearance of the contact personnel. (5) Tangibles Tangibles are the physical facilities, equipment, and appearance of personnel in services (Parasuraman et al. , 1988).It includes all the physical evidence of the service facilities appearance of personnel tools or equipment used to provide the service physical representations of the services (e. g. statements) other customers. Zeithaml et al. (1990) stated that tangibles are the appearance of physical facilities, equipment, personnel, and communication materials. Tangibles of service are the tangible facets of the service facility (equipment, machinery, signage, employee appearance, etc. ) or the man-made physical environment, popularly known as the servicescapes (Sureshchandar, Rajendran, & Anantharaman, 2003). . 1 Comparative Analysis on Service Quality For comparative analysis, the data retrieved from the perception score given by the cu stomers of Prime Bank Limited, capital of Bangladesh Bank ltd, Southeast Bank Ltd and Mercantile Bank Ltd are analyzed in the current study. By analyzing the mean value of the results the researcher intends to find which Banks customer service quality is more than appreciable to the customers. The comparative analysis is based on the mean score of the actual score given by the customers on the items of each of the service quality dimensions. 4. 1. Comparative Analysis on Reliability dimension In reliability dimension the customers were asked to give score about their perception on the basis of five scale items. The following knock back 1 shows the comparative results in the reliability dimension for Prime Bank Limited, capital of Bangladesh Bank Ltd, Southeast Bank Ltd and Mercantile Bank Ltd. The result shows that Prime Bank receives maximum scores in four scale items except the one which asks whether the bank provides its services at the time it promises to do so. For that parti cular scale item Prime Bank receives a mean score of 4. 95 whereas the mean score for Dhaka Bank is 5. . table 1 Mean Quality oodles of Prime bank Limited, Dhaka Bank Ltd, Southeast Bank Ltd and Mercantile Bank Ltd for Reliability dimension Perception Statements in Reliability Dimension Prime Dhaka Southeast Bank Mercantile Bank Bank Bank 1. When your bank promises to do something by a 5. 7 5. 3 4. 75 5. 3 certain time, it does so. 2. When you have a problem, your bank shows a 5. 2 4. 95 4. 3 4. 45 sincere interest in solving it. 3. Your bank performs the right service at first 5. 2 4. 45 4. 7 4. 80 time. 4. Your bank provides its services at the time it 4. 95 5. 4. 55 4. 6 promises to do so. 5. Your bank keeps you informed about when services 5. 2 4. 4 4. 45 4. 6 will be performed. In wrong of scale item 1 the customers of Prime Bank have relatively high perception than the customers of other banks as the bank does the work within the promised t ime. Prime Bank receives a mean score of 5. in this aspect while Dhaka Bank, Southeast Bank, and Mercantile Bank receive 5. 3, 4. 75, and 5. 3 respectively. Prime Bank also receives a mean score of 5. 2 as the bank shows sincere interest to solve the problems of the customers than the other banks do. Prime Bank also receives a comparatively high mean score in the aspect of that the bank keeps customers informed about when services will be performed. 4. 1. 2 Comparative Analysis on Responsiveness dimension The responsiveness dimension consists of three items. The following Table 2 shows the comparative results in the responsiveness dimensions for the banks.The result shows that Prime Bank receives comparatively low scores in all three items of the dimension. The mean score of Prime Bank for scale item 6 is 4. 65 which is lower than Dhaka Bank and Southeast Bank. Table 2 Mean Quality Scores of Prime bank Limited, Dhaka Bank Ltd, Southeast Bank Ltd and Mercantile Bank Ltd for Responsiv eness dimension Perception Statements in Responsiveness Dimension Prime Dhaka Southeast Bank Mercantile Bank Bank Bank 6.The employees in your bank give you prompt service. 4. 65 5. 1 4. 95 4. 45 7. The employees in your bank always willing to help 4. 8 5. 15 4. 05 4. 55 you. 8. The employees in your bank are never too busy to 4. 5 4. 9 5. 05 4. 3 respond to your request. The customers of Dhaka Bank perceive more about the willingness of the employees to help them than the customers of Prime Bank do. For the item 8 Prime Bank again receives a mean score of 4. 5 whereas the mean score for Southeast Bank is 5. 05 and Dhaka Bank is 4. 9. 4. 1. 3 Comparative Analysis on Assurance dimension According to the SERVQUAL scale developed by Parasuraman et al. (1988) the assurance dimension of service quality consists of three items.The following Table 3 shows the comparative results in the assurance dimensions for the preferred banks. The result shows that the customers of Pr ime Bank have given low score in aspect of employees behavior and employees courteousness than the score given by the customers of other banks. The customers of Prime Bank perceive that the behavior of the employees does not inspire plentiful confidence in them. Thus the mean score of Prime Bank for item 9 is 4. 6 which is lower than all other banks. In basis of employees courteousness Prime bank again receives a mean score of 4. which lower than Dhaka Bank and Southeast bank. Table 3 Mean Quality Scores of Prime bank Limited, Dhaka Bank Ltd, Southeast Bank Ltd and Mercantile Bank Ltd for Assurance dimension Perception Statements in Assurance Dimension Prime Dhaka Southeast Bank Mercantile Bank Bank Bank 9. The behavior of the employees of the bank inspires4. 6 5. 35 5. 25 4. 8 confidence in you. 10. You feel safe in your transactions with your 5. 35 5. 25 4. 25 4. 25 bank. 11. The employees in your bank consistently courteous4. 7 5. 25 4. 9 4. 65 with you. 12. The employees in your bank have the knowledge to 4. 4. 8 4. 3 4. 4 answer your questions. The customers also perceive that the employees of Dhaka Bank are more knowledgeable (Mean score 4. 7) than that of Prime Bank (Mean score 4. 8). However, in this dimension Prime Bank receives a high score than other banks in terms of safe transactions with the bank. The customers of Prime Bank perceived that they feel safer while transacting with the bank than that of other banks. 4. 1. Comparative Analysis on Empathy dimension The following table 3 shows the customers perception on empathy dimension of service quality which consists of four items. This comparative analysis evaluates that the customers of Prime Bank perceives high individual attention from their bank. In this aspect Prime Bank receives a mean score of 5. 0 whereas Dhaka Bank, Southeast bank, and Mercantile Bank receive 4. 7, 4. 2, and 4. 2 respectively. Table 4 Mean Quality Scores of Prime bank Limited, Dhaka Bank Ltd , Southeast Bank Ltd and Mercantile Bank Ltd for Empathy dimension PerceptionStatements in Empathy Dimension Prime Dhaka Southeast Bank Mercantile Bank Bank Bank 13. Your bank gives you individual attention. 5. 0 4. 7 4. 2 4. 2 14. Your bank has employees who give you individual 4. 75 4. 9 4. 35 3. 65 attention. 15. Your bank has your best interests at heart. 4. 9 4. 35 4. 15 4. 55 16. The employees in your bank understand your 4. 65 4. 8 4. 75 4. 45 specific needs. However when it comes to the aspect of employees individual attention towards the customers, Prime Bank receives a relatively low mean score of 4. 5 whereas Dhaka Bank receives 4. 9. The customers of Prime bank also perceive more in the aspect that the bank has their best interests at heart than the customers of other banks do. Prime Bank receives a mean score of 4. 9 in this item. On the other hand, Prime Bank receives a relatively low mean score in case of employees understanding of customers specific needs. Prime Bank receives a mean score of 4. 65 whereas Dhaka Bank and Southeast Bank receive mean scores of 4. 8 and 4. 75. 4. 1. 5 Comparative Analysis on Tangible dimension The tangible dimension of service quality consists of five items.The subsequent Table 5 shows the comparative results in the tangible dimension for the private commercial banks that is based on the perceptions of the customers. The result explains that the physical facilities of Prime Bank are more visually appealing than other banks. In this aspect Prime Bank receives a mean score of 5. 35, which is higher than the scores of other banks. The customers of Prime Bank also perceive more that materials associated with the service are visually appealing at the bank than the customers of other banks do.Table 5 Mean Quality Scores of Prime bank Limited, Dhaka Bank Ltd, Southeast Bank Ltd and Mercantile Bank Ltd for Tangibles dimension Perception Statements in Tangible Dimension Prime Dhaka Southeast Bank Mercantil e Bank Bank Bank 17. The bank has modern-looking and hi-tech 5. 2 5. 4 5. 0 4. 4 equipments. 18. The banks physical facilities are visually 5. 35 4. 6 4. 25 3. 85 appealing. 19. The employees of the bank appear neat. 4. 8 5. 1 4. 65 4. 5 20. Materials associated with the service are 5. 45 5. 35 4. 8 4. 5 visually appealing at the bank. 21. Your bank has convenient business hours. 5. 5 5. 6 5. 1 5. 3 However Dhaka Bank receives a mean score of 5. 4 in the scale item which refers that the bank has modern-looking and hi-tech equipments whereas Prime bank receives a mean score of 5. 2 in this scale item. The customers of Prime Bank also perceive less about the employees appearance than the customers of Dhaka Bank do.In this aspect Prime bank receives a mean score of 4. 8 while Dhaka Bank receives a mean score of 5. 1. 4. 2 The five SERVQUAL dimensions An overall comparison of bank customers perception and rarefied mean scores The following table (Table 6) repres ents the Grand Mean scores of Prime bank Limited, Dhaka Bank Ltd, Southeast Bank Ltd, and Mercantile Bank Ltd for the five service quality dimensions. In the reliability dimension Prime Bank obtained the highest grand mean score of 5. 25 as the customers of Prime bank think the bank is highly reliable than the customers of other banks do.However, in responsiveness dimension which refers to the willingness of the employees to help customers and provide prompt service, Prime Bank obtained a relatively low grand mean score of 4. 65. In this dimension Dhaka Bank and Southeast Bank receive 5. 05 and 4. 83 respectively. This result evaluates that the customers of Prime Bank are not getting adequate and prompt response from the employees of the bank. Again in terms of assurance Prime Bank obtained a grand mean score of 4. 82 whereas Dhaka Bank receives a grand mean score of 5. 16.This dimension is defined as the knowledge and courtesy of employees and their ability to convey trust and conf idence. The customers of Prime Bank perceive less about the employees courteousness than the customers of Dhaka Bank do. The next service quality dimension is empathy which is defined as caring and individualized attention provided to customers (Parasuraman et al. , 1988). Prime Bank obtained a grand mean score of 4. 91 which is relatively higher than the other banks. The customers of Prime Bank also think that the bank has adequate modern looking and hi-tech equipments and the physical facilities are visually appealing.So the bank obtained a grand mean score of 5. 26 in tangibles dimension while in the same service quality dimension Dhaka Bank, Southeast Bank, and Mercantile Bank receive 5. 21, 4. 76, and 4. 54 respectively. Table 6 Grand Mean Quality Scores for five SERVQUAL dimensions Five Dimensions of Service Quality Prime Dhaka Southeast Bank Mercantile Bank Bank Bank Reliability 5. 5 4. 82 4. 55 4. 75 Responsiveness 4. 65 5. 05 4. 83 4. 43 Assurance 4. 83 5. 16 4. 67 4. 52 Empathy 4. 82 4. 68 4. 36 4. 21 Tangibles 5. 26 5. 1 4. 76 4. 54 According to results of the Grand Mean scores, Table 7 represents the rankings of the banks in five different dimensions and which is prepared on the basis of customers evaluation. The result shows that Prime Bank is stratified first in reliability, empathy and tangibles dimensions. However in terms of responsiveness Prime Bank is class-conscious as third while Dhaka Bank is ranked first. Again in case of assurance Prime Bank is ranked second whereas Southeast Bank is ranked first.Table 7 Ranking of the Private Commercial Banks on the basis of the perception of the customers on five SERVQUAL dimensions Name of the Private Commercial Banks Reliability Responsiveness Assurance Empathy Tangibles Prime Bank Limited 1 3 2 1 1 Dhaka Bank Ltd 2 1 1 2 2 Southeast Bank Ltd 4 2 3 3 3 Mercantile Bank Ltd 3 4 4 4 4 4. factor in Analysis on SERVQUAL dimensions The study also includes a factor analysis of the fi ve SERVQUAL dimensions for four different banks using varimax rotation. The factor analysis of five service quality dimensions will help the researcher to check whether the scale items included in the questionnaire constituted a iodin dimension in the specific context of the different private commercial banks or not. Factor 1 Reliability The data gathered on the scale items for the service quality questionnaire developed by Parasuraman et al. (1988) are factor analyzed to check the component structure of the reliability dimension for four different commercial banks.Appendix 1 summarises the scale items used for the dependent and independent variables used for the study. Appendix 2 represents the total variance for the five service quality dimensions. In case of Prime Bank, two scale items out of five of the reliability dimension appeared to be too generalized in terms of explaining reliability and could be remove from the factor. Scale details 1, 2, and 3 could be retained for the final factor structure (Table 8), which resulted in a individual(a) factor and explained 30. 36% of the additive variation. On the other hand, all the items are grouped into one undivided factor in terms of Dhaka Bank (Table 9). Table 8 Factor Analysis Prime Bank Table 9 Factor Analysis Dhaka Bank rotate destiny hyaloplasm (a, b) portion Matrix (a, b) Dhaka Bank Component 1 gunpoint 3 . 834 occurrence 2 . 810 dot 5 . 758 distributor point 4 . 742 point 1 . 729 Prime Bank Component 1 2 percentage point 3 . 860 . 186 ITEM 1 . 769 -. 050 ITEM 2 . 428 -. 153 ITEM 4 -. 024 . 852 ITEM 5 -. 047 . 817 Table 10 Factor Analysis Southeast Bank Table 11 Factor Analysis Mercantile Bank Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Southeast Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 1 . 893 -. 005 ITEM 3 . 827 -. 237 ITEM 5 . 753 . 138 ITEM 2 -. 58 . 881 ITEM 4 . 017 . 784 Mercantile Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 2 . 850 . 119 ITEM 4 . 568 -. 129 IT EM 5 -. 084 . 857 ITEM 3 . 537 . 607 ITEM 1 . 533 -. 534 However, in case of Southeast Bank two out of three items again seemed too general and thus they could be eliminated from the reliability factor.Table 10 shows that Scale points 1, 3, and 5 could be retained in a single factor for Southeast Bank and explained 41. 04% of the cumulative variation. For Mercantile Bank, Item 1, 2, 3, and 4 could be retained to construct a single factor, which explained 32. 51% of the variation. Factor 2 Responsiveness The scale items of responsiveness dimension are factor analyzed, which confirmed that the items were grouped into one factor. For Prime Bank the result in Table 12 shows that all the scale items on responsiveness dimension constitute a single factor and explained 45. 21% of cumulative variance. Also for Dhaka Bank all three of the items constituted a single factor however it explained 48. 65% of the variance.Table 12 Factor Analysis Prime Bank Table 13 Factor Analysis Dhaka Bank Component Matrix (a, b) Component Matrix (a, b) Prime Bank Component 1 ITEM 6 . 722 ITEM 7 . 706 ITEM 8 . 580 Dhaka Bank Component 1 ITEM 7 . 853 ITEM 6 . 839 ITEM 8 . 170 Table 14 Factor Analysis Southeast Bank Table 15 Factor Analysis Mercantile Bank Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Component Matrix (a, b) Mercantile Bank Component 1 ITEM 8 . 903 ITEM 6 . 810 ITEM 7 . 493 Southeast Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 6 . 779 . 287 ITEM 8 . 772 -. 296 ITEM 7 . 000 . 937 In terms of Southeast Bank, two out of three scale items constituted a single factor and thus Item 7 could be removed. The single factor explained 40. 10% of the cumulative variation. However, all the three initial items constituted again a single factor and resulted in 57. 14% of the variance for Mercantile Bank. Factor 3 Assurance Four scale items are initialized to constitute a single factor for assurance dimension. Table 16 shows that two scale items such as Item 10 and Item 12 have shown t he possibility to represent a single factor with a variance of 41. 10% for Prime Bank Limited.Item 9 and Item 11 which represent the behavior of the employees and the courteousness of the employees, seemed weak to fit in the single factor for Prime Bank as they represent only 29. 12% of the cumulative variance. Table 16 Factor Analysis Prime Bank Table 17 Factor Analysis Dhaka Bank Rotated Component Matrix (a, b)Component Matrix (a, b) Prime Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 12 . 892 . 171 ITEM 10 . 889 -. 154 ITEM 9 . 77 . 750 ITEM 11 -. 159 . 741 Dhaka Bank Component 1 ITEM 12 . 854 ITEM 10 . 711 ITEM 9 . 618 ITEM 11 . 539 Table 14 Factor Analysis Southeast Bank Table 15 Factor Analysis Mercantile Bank Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Southeast Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 9 . 811 . 129 ITEM 12 . 781 -. 054 ITEM 10 . 163 -. 830 ITEM 11 . 270 . 783 Mercantile Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 11 . 910 . 178 ITEM 9 . 841 -. 094 ITEM 12 -. 1 52 . 871 ITEM 10 . 477 . 01 In assurance dimension, three out of four scale items constituted a single factor for Southeast Bank Ltd. Item 9, 10, and 12 represents that single factor and explained 34. 15% of the cumulative variance. Item 11 that represents employees consistent courteousness could be removed from the scale of assurance dimension for Southeast Bank Ltd. In terms of Mercantile Bank Ltd, three items could be retained to constitute a single factor and explained 44. 66% of the cumulative variance. Factor 4 Empathy The factor analysis on empathy dimension shows that Item 17 and Item 18 are more likely to constitute a single factor for Prime Bank (Table 16).This single factor represents 37. 52% of the variance. On the other hand, three out of four scale items appeared to constitute a single factor for Dhaka Bank with 42. 08% of the variance. Table 16 Factor Analysis Prime Bank Table 17 Factor Analysis Dhaka Bank Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Dhaka Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 13 . 836 -. 226 ITEM 16 . 828 . 285 ITEM 14 . 163 . 875 ITEM 15 . 522 -. 660 Prime Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 17 . 857 . 312 ITEM 18 . 820 -. 323 ITEM 16 . 252 . 830 ITEM 15 . 177 -. 558 Table 14 Factor Analysis Southeast Bank Table 15 Factor Analysis Mercantile Bank Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Mercantile Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 16 . 894 . 083 ITEM 14 . 878 . 004 ITEM 15 -. 133 . 830 ITEM 13 . 237 . 773 Southeast Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 15 . 883 -. 135 ITEM 13 . 776 . 415 ITEM 14 -. 108 . 891 ITEM 16 . 473 . 725 In terms of Southeast Bank, three out of four scale items constituted a single factor and thus Item 14 could be removed. The single factor explained 40. 43 % of the cumulative variance. Again, for Mercantile Bank Item 16 and Item 14 appeared to constitute a single factor and explained 41. 08% of the variance. Factor 5 Tangibles The tangible initially contains five scale i tems. After factor analysis for Prime Bank Limited, the result shows that two items are too generalized and thus could be removed. Thus Item 17, 18 and 21 constituted a single factor which explained 33. 94% of the variance. Three items also constituted a single factor structure for Dhaka Bank although here the items are 18, 19, and 20 with 32. 3% of the variance. Table 16 Factor Analysis Prime Bank Table 17 Factor Analysis Dhaka Bank Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Prime Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 17 . 778 . 137 ITEM 21 . 772 -. 499 ITEM 18 . 691 . 291 ITEM 20 . 048 . 774 ITEM 19 . 124 . 736 Dhaka Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 18 . 859 . 048 ITEM 19 . 853 . 258 ITEM 21 -. 082 . 776 ITEM 20 . 300 . 657 ITEM 17 . 224 . 612 Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Rotated Component Matrix (a, b) Mercantile Bank Component 1 2 ITEM 21 -. 768 . 029 ITEM 19 . 687 . 142 ITEM 20 . 25 -. 409 ITEM 17 . 269 . 881 ITEM 18 . 345 -. 490 Southeast Bank Component 1 2 3 ITEM 18 . 902 -. 223 -. 074 ITEM 20 . 689 . 427 . 177 ITEM 17 -. 059 . 936 . 067 ITEM 19 . 458 . 491 -. 488 ITEM 21 . 069 . 092 . 917 The factor analysis for Southeast Bank in tangible dimension shows that three out of five scale items constituted a single factor which represented 30. 13% of the variance. In terms of Mercantile Bank four items constituted a single factor with 32. 88% of variance. 5. 1 Findings of the Research On the base of survey, theoretical analysis and practical experience of 3 months internship program the following findings are identified during the research period ? The customer service quality of Prime Bank Limited is not satisfactory enough in terms of responsiveness and assurance of the employees in comparison with the studied private commercial banks. Customers perceived a relatively low quality in these dimensions than the customers of other private commercial Banks. The courteousness, promptness, and attitude of the employees t owards their work are the critical issues and need to improve significantly to provide better quality service to the customers. ? The Bank has no segmentation to handle different type of customers. They are equally treating of all the customers to provide service. Nevertheless high status clients seek on extra honor from Bank or institution. ? It is found that the recruitment policy of the bank is not always fair. Intelligence and capability are not always the criteria for selection. People who have good relation with influential persons have the chance to enter through backdoor. Most of the times these people do not have the ability to compete with other banks workforce in terms of performance.As a result the service quality and innovativeness of the bank is deteriorating day by day whereas the other private commercial banks that have a good recruitment policy are doing well and are also enhancing their reputation among talented job seekers. ? PBL has a very long hierarchy than oth er Bank. In some of the bank there are only 9-10 posts before Managing Director but in PBL this number is 15, which might be a cause of demotivation to the employees. ? Most of the customers of the bank ask for more quality service especially quick, accurate service and good behavior from bankers as they think a private bank should provide such quality sufficiently. Lack of Good Cooperation is identified among the work procedures and also among the employees of the bank which results in lengthiness and toothless service. Recommendations As per earnest observation some suggestions for the improvements of the situation are given below ? Bank is a service-oriented financial organization. Its business profit depends on its service quality. Thats why the authority always should be aware about their service quality and thus should take initiative to measure the service quality of the bank periodically on different dimensions. ? Management should carefully handle the different departments of general banking in regard to provide better quality service. ? The quality of customer service should be considered as absolutely indispensable. In general banking department it is necessary to implement modern banking process instead of traditional system. It should be more computerized to. ? As Prime Bank Limited is the financial institution and one depends to another to complete a process fully. So lack of cooperation should be minimized to provide prompt service

Classify Jobs by Type Essay

Have you ever count how many types of labors? Which job do you prefer to do? Choosing proper jobs argon important in our life. If you atomic number 18 familiar with the professional area about your jobs, you could easier find a suitable job. In fact, there are three types of jobs which are educators, creators, and laborers. The first type is educator. The educators purpose is that they give association to the people. For example, teachers are one of educator. And they teach and educate people.In the words, they not only teach students knowledge from the book, however also teach them the correct behaviors. Moreover, they guide students how to think about information and how to deal with questions. For example, teacher can teach us a lot of knowledge in our compulsory education. The second type is creative jobs. The creators purpose is that they want to bring something new to the world such as industrial designer and exposure producers. They create the real things from virtual ide as.They can explain and express ideas from peoples. Also, They can even create the beautiful scene. Moreover, their works can touch peoples heart for instance, iPhone is made from industrial designer and it is the first smart phone with touch function and Internet. When it appears on the market, it makes people crazy. The third type is laborers. The laborers purpose is that they hold up the functions of societies. They are uniform screws, which mean that they are small, but they play important roles.They are the largest group of human societies. For example, creators invent a great idea, such as iPhone, but it still needs laborers to implement it. Otherwise, just few people can enjoy the iPhone. Although their work looks simple, it is necessary in the society. In conclusion, each job has its unique place. The educator guides people. The creator achieves peoples dreams. The laborers keep the social operation going. All of them are important in our society. In my opinion, I like to be a creative because it is a challenge work.

Shakespeare-Macbeth Essay

Through fall out the play as Macbeth wades out into the river of blood that he has created, with each death he is responsible for, he distances himself from her much and more. He does this to protect her, hardly instead it has the effect of isolating her. Sending her further and further into her own counsel, which drives her insane. Unable to cope with all that she has done and is responsible for. Her dreams are plagued by guilt. She has not place to escape from herself or her mind so she does the only thing she can, kills herself. The ultimate act to escape herself, and the reality she has make for herself.After Banquo is murdered, she retreats more and more and we no longer see her as part of a couple save as a separate entity. conflict to cope, and realising that she had been naive to believe a little water shall wash us of this deed when she proclaims in utmost horror out damn spot out I say when in her minds eye the guilt can never be removed from her hands.Macbeth begins to rely on knowledge and the security supplied him by the witches words. It is they who he seeks for advice and answers in the play, and with the answers he receives relies upon himself as the invincible entity. no one born of woman shall harm Macbeth Towards the end of the play Lady Macbeth is over perform by guilt and becomes patently mad. She hallucinates out damned spot Out, I say Lady Macbeth is sleepwalking and is speaking to herself she can see blood and tries to wash it off but nothing will make the blood disappear. I think the blood represents the guilt she feels because of the realisation of her plot to kill King Duncan. Macbeth is still trying to come to terms with his relentless remorse because of his involvement in the killings of King Duncan, Banquo, Lady Macduff and her children.Macbeth doesnt see Lady Macbeths suffering. Lady Macbeth does, however see Macbeths emotional anguish when they are holding a party. Macbeth sees an apparition of Banquo, his trusty and loyal friend who he ordered to be killed. Macbeth starts to rave at Banquos apparent ghost Prithee, see there Behold, look, lo How say you Lady Macbeth then tries to excuse her husbands behaviour to all the guests, think of this, good peers, but as thing of custom. Tis no other, it only spoils the pleasure of the time.Lady Macbeth is not necessarily upset(a) about Macbeth and his mental state because of her love for him, she is merely worried about her husband exposing the secret that only her and Macbeth know about, killing King Duncan. After Macbeths outburst she shows feelings of embarrassment and being ashamed of her husbands behaviour as he was showing that he was weak and not worthy of becoming King. You have displaced the mirth, broke the good meeting with most look up to disorder. This comment was to humiliate Macbeth and make him feel ashamed and guilty of his lack of self.

Son of the Morning Star

male child of the cockcrow Star Analysis Evan S. Connell has a unique writing mien. While most stories are told from beginning to end, Son of the Morning Star Custer and The small Bighorn (North Point Press, 1984) begins with the aftermath of The Battle of the Little Bighorn. It is then followed by numerous events which led up to this action. Connell chose this non-linear writing style in order to distribute the details he finds most fascinating and interesting to share with his audience. Using the conclusion of the battle as the introduction of the hi tale creates a suspenseful t integrity.In the beginning of the story, the setting is the battle field which The Battle of the Little Bighorn had meshn place a few days earlier. de rangey sheriff James Bradley has led his troops to the land where they discover the corpses of which they believe are General George Armstrong Custers troops. Custer himself was nowhere in sight. Even after a riposte was offered upon his retrieval he could not be found. The deserted battle field raised questions and the men began to imagine what had happened days prior to their arrival.The rootage writes, While discussing the days events around a campfire most infantrymen predicted more unpleasant news (pg. 3) The troops discovered a womanhood who was present during the battle and described to them what she had witnessed. The womans recollection of her experience opens up the story to a chronicle of the events which happened during the battle. The endorser is assumption details regarding to Custers entrance and also each oppositenesss fighting style Instead, Renos men dismounted and formed a skirmish line. Then they began to retreat. They ran very fast, she said, dropping guns and cartridges.She was disgusted by the conduct of these whites, verbal expression they must subscribe been seized with panic worse than that which seized her own people. (pg. 7) As the plot approaches its conclusion, the subscriber is taken back to the aftermath of the battle and receives a tale told by a Cheyenne woman named Kate Bighead. She delivered a short story ab bring out the corpses she saw laying on the battlefield, one in particular she identified as General Custer She said two Southern Cheyenne women were at the Little Bighorn and when the fighting ended they went to the battlefield.They saw Custer. They knew him wellthey recognized him even though his hair was short and face was dirty. (pg. 422) Although the plot of this story does not have a chronological structure, it develops a more personal connection because the characters in the story are directly speaking to the audience as they give their personal accounts on the battle. For example, it had already been said that Reno was dead however, an outburst made by Reno himself is mentioned abruptly after. The major was swigging at a flask when DeRudio splashed by. What are you trying to do? Reno asked. Drown me before I am killed? (pg. 50) Evan S. Connells wo rk, Son of the Morning Star is an extraordinary and captivating narrative. He has an acquiring mind and was not afraid to step away from the traditional form of writing. Behind the chaos thither is meaning. The writing style presented in this story is untraditional which could possibly lose the attention of the reader however, this was a valid decision. ? Based on its cover the reader might think that the entire story is about General Custer and his troops.Despite expectations, the audience actually catches a glimpse of both the lives of Custer as well as his opponents. The author gives the reader a little information on the context of Crazy Horse, formerly known as Curly. Curly did not reveal this manifestation to anybody until he was sixteen and ready to become a warriorExcept for moccasins and breechcloth he rode naked. (pg. 67) The author also gives the reader the opportunity to read a few journal entries about Crazy Horse. These entries come from the diary of Jesse Lee, Satur day, Sept. th, 1877. Everything is quiet and I think will remain so. Crazy Horses body was brought to this agency and put on a little platform, Indian fashion, on the hill overlooking the post, not half a mile away. (pg. 75) He also includes a background on chieftain Gall as well, providing facts about his birthplace and family. For example, he writes, He was not a hereditary chief. The family seems to have been undistinguished, and because his father died at an earlier age the boy was regarded more with sympathy than respect.So it appears that not through any legacy did he become a chieftain (pg. 376) Throughout the story, the audience develops an vagary of the motives of the indigene Americans during the battle. The reader becomes aware of what academic term Bull was thinking If Sitting Bull did indeed call off the attack it was not because of any lovingness for whites, who, he hated with abiding and impenetrable rancor, but because he understood how vindictive they could b e. If all the soldiers were slaughtered the whites would insist upon another battle (pg. 6) The audience was not totally given an idea of what they were thinking before the battle. The author also makes a point to include a song that the Indians wrote after they had defeated General Custer and his men, At that time the Indians did not realized they had fought Custerwhen they found out, they sang about him. David Humphreys Miller transcribed one such(prenominal) kill-song (pg. 54) With the erudition given in the story, the reader concludes that the Native American leaders were fully developed human beings. Connell includes information regarding Chief Crazy Horses smart battle technique.For example, there are quotations given from a journalist At critical moments Crazy Horse would dismount before shooting He is the only Indian I ever knew who did that frequentlyhe didnt like to start a battle unless he had it all planned out in his head and knew he was going to win. (pg. 63) Chief G all was compared to other great leaders and his leadership skills are described by his people including Lieutenant Godfrey, He perceived Gall as a man of tremendous character natural ability, and great common sense, a chief whose massive physiognomy reminded him of Daniel Webster. (pg. 375) The comments made about these two leaders in particular demonstrate their equality of humanity compared to Custers men. Not only does he give details about the lives of the Native Americans but Connell also gives brainwave on the lives of those who fought with General Custer. The reader is given an idea of the reputation and trial of Benteen. For example, In this, that Major Frederick W. Benteen, Ninth Calvary when in command of the Post of spike Du Chesne, Utah, was found drunkSpecifications 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th were identical, only the dates changed. (pg. 34) The reader also gathers information about Major Marcus Reno regarding his leadership and his behavior thus similar to that of Ben teens. Reno got demerits easily, roughly deliberately (pg. 40) He also writes, At least it failed to mollify the exasperated colonel because Reno found himself saddled with another charge (pg. 45) Although a great deal of this charm is devoted to the lives and motives of the Native Americans, the author also takes time to write about Custers men as well.Including battle experience as well as family history, Connell captures the importance of The Battle of the Little Bighorn. Throughout the non-linear story, the reader is taken back and forth betwixt stories about Custers challengers and his troops. The authors objectivity is evident because the reader is given the opportunity to capture the battle from both perspectives. ? Before The Battle of the Little Bighorn, General Custer had celebrated many victories however, this battle ended in tragedy.Unaware of what ca utilize the downfall at Little Bighorn, many have speculated practicable causes of Custers defeat. These possibiliti es include Custers sanity, his confidence and other stereotypes. In the story, Connells collection of stories told by Sioux woman and other survivors give the reader ideas of what might have been the cause of this disastrous downfall. When looking back on the battle a discussion between an Indian and General H. L. Scott reveals a possible cause of this defeat.For example, Connell writes During subsequent conversations Feather Earring emphasized that if Custer had approached diplomatically the Indians would have gone back to the reservationsGeneral Scott observed that such a method of dealing with the hostiles had not occurred to anybody. (pg. 414) Shortly after this discussion more information about Custers skewed communication with the Indians is unveiled. If this miscommunication had never occurred the battle would have been avoided altogether.A Sioux chief gives his recollection on the events occurring prior to the battle He asked Custer to promise that he would not fight the Sio ux. Custer promisedAfter we got through talking, he briefly left over(p) the agency, and we soon heard that he was fighting the Indians and that he and all his men were killed. If Custer had given us time we would have gone out onwards of him, but he did not give us time. If we had gone out ahead of Custer he would not have lost himself not would his men have been killed. (pg. 415) The attack had been approved by his officers, however, there had been some objections.Some of his troops did not believe the plan was logical but Custers confidence does appear to take over his mentality. He ignores a suggestion made by Gibbon, Custer, instead of proceeding at once into the valley of the Little Big Horn, even should the remnant lead there, should continue on up the Rosebud, get closer to the mountains (pg. 255-256) Losing touch with reality Custer continues to explain his plan to attack, the combined forces would count coup on Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse, Galland all the rest (pg. 56) C usters plan includes a victory rather than an alternative in case of any misfortune, he left no room for the unexpected. Although Custers plan seemed a little unrealistic his stubbornness was not the only thing to lead to the downfall at Little Bighorn. Many troops give their comments regarding Major Renos choice of leadership, several military analysts believe Reno should have stayed there instead of doing what he did. They point out that his battalion so near the village would have engaged a great many warriors, thus allowing Custers plan to unfold. (pg. ) It is also mentioned that Reno had an altercation with one of the Indians which he encountered, Reno misunderstood a figure of speech, taking I as an insult, and threatened to shoot High Bear-who responded by drawing a knife. Another scout, invoking Custers name, jumped between them and managed to prevent a bloody settlement. (pg. 10) Not only was Renos lack of intuition a cause of defeat but it is also possible that his belli gerent temperament lead to Custers labefaction. After analyzing the attitudes and actions of Custer and his troops, the reader can infer many causes that led to this disastrous defeat.Based on the strategic analysts comments, Reno could have used better instincts when leading his men into battle. It is possible that if the major would have had stronger intuition Custers men would not have suffered as much as they did. The reader can conclude that there was a sense of overconfidence made not only by Major Reno but Custer as well however, if Custer had unbroken his promise to Sioux the entire battle could have been avoided. Custer and his five companies certainly underestimated their Native American opponents.